Location

Location ANSS

The ANSS event ID is aka2026nyxoap and the event page is at https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/aka2026nyxoap/executive.

2026/07/16 11:37:21 60.569 -141.508 8.5 5.2 Alaska

Focal Mechanism

 USGS/SLU Moment Tensor Solution
 ENS  2026/07/16 11:37:21.0  60.57 -141.51   8.5 5.2 Alaska
 
 Stations used:
   AK.BAE AK.BAGL AK.BAL AK.BAT AK.BERG AK.BESE AK.CRQ AK.CUT 
   AK.CYK AK.DIV AK.DOT AK.FID AK.GLI AK.GREN AK.GRES AK.GRIN 
   AK.HDA AK.ISLE AK.J25K AK.J26L AK.KHIT AK.KIAG AK.KNK 
   AK.M23K AK.MCAR AK.MESA AK.P23K AK.PAX AK.PS09 AK.PS10 
   AK.PS12 AK.PTPK AK.R32K AK.RAG AK.RC01 AK.RIDG AK.RKAV 
   AK.RND AK.SAW AK.SCM AK.TGL AK.VMT AK.VRDI AT.ESTR AT.PMR 
   AV.N25K AV.WACK AV.WAZA CN.BRWY CN.BVCY CN.HYT CN.PLBC 
   CN.YUK3 EO.KLRS NY.MAYO 
 
 Filtering commands used:
   cut o DIST/3.3 -40 o DIST/3.3 +50
   rtr
   taper w 0.1
   hp c 0.03 n 3 
   lp c 0.10 n 3 
 
 Best Fitting Double Couple
  Mo = 5.82e+23 dyne-cm
  Mw = 5.11 
  Z  = 22 km
  Plane   Strike  Dip  Rake
   NP1       85    82    96
   NP2      225    10    50
  Principal Axes:
   Axis    Value   Plunge  Azimuth
    T   5.82e+23     52       3
    N   0.00e+00      6     265
    P  -5.82e+23     37     170

 Moment Tensor: (dyne-cm)
    Component   Value
       Mxx    -1.41e+23
       Mxy     7.63e+22
       Mxz     5.57e+23
       Myy    -1.13e+22
       Myz    -3.57e+22
       Mzz     1.53e+23
                                                     
                                                     
                                                     
                                                     
                     -------###----                  
                 ----#################-              
              ---########################-           
             --############################          
           --##############   ###############        
          --############### T ################       
         --################   #################      
        --######################################     
        -#######################################     
       --########################################    
       --#####################################---    
       --############################------------    
       ##----------------------------------------    
        #---------------------------------------     
        #---------------------------------------     
         #-------------------------------------      
          ------------------------------------       
           ------------------   -------------        
             ---------------- P -----------          
              ---------------   ----------           
                 ----------------------              
                     --------------                  
                                                     
                                                     
                                                     
 Global CMT Convention Moment Tensor:
      R          T          P
  1.53e+23   5.57e+23   3.57e+22 
  5.57e+23  -1.41e+23  -7.63e+22 
  3.57e+22  -7.63e+22  -1.13e+22 


Details of the solution is found at

http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/20260716113721/index.html
        

Preferred Solution

The preferred solution from an analysis of the surface-wave spectral amplitude radiation pattern, waveform inversion or first motion observations is

      STK = 225
      DIP = 10
     RAKE = 50
       MW = 5.11
       HS = 22.0

The NDK file is 20260716113721.ndk The waveform inversion is preferred.

Magnitudes

Given the availability of digital waveforms for determination of the moment tensor, this section documents the added processing leading to mLg, if appropriate to the region, and ML by application of the respective IASPEI formulae. As a research study, the linear distance term of the IASPEI formula for ML is adjusted to remove a linear distance trend in residuals to give a regionally defined ML. The defined ML uses horizontal component recordings, but the same procedure is applied to the vertical components since there may be some interest in vertical component ground motions. Residual plots versus distance may indicate interesting features of ground motion scaling in some distance ranges. A residual plot of the regionalized magnitude is given as a function of distance and azimuth, since data sets may transcend different wave propagation provinces.

ML Magnitude


Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Horizontal components. Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot. Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.


Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Vertical components (research). Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot. Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.


Map showing station locations used for computing the ML's. No distinction is made whether the vertical (Z) or horizontal (H) components were used.

Context

The left panel of the next figure presents the focal mechanism for this earthquake (red) in the context of other nearby events (blue) in the SLU Moment Tensor Catalog. The right panel shows the inferred direction of maximum compressive stress and the type of faulting (green is strike-slip, red is normal, blue is thrust; oblique is shown by a combination of colors). Thus context plot is useful for assessing the appropriateness of the moment tensor of this event.

Waveform Inversion using wvfgrd96

The focal mechanism was determined using broadband seismic waveforms. The location of the event (star) and the stations used for (red) the waveform inversion are shown in the next figure.
Location of broadband stations used for waveform inversion

The program wvfgrd96 was used with good traces observed at short distance to determine the focal mechanism, depth and seismic moment. This technique requires a high quality signal and well determined velocity model for the Green's functions. To the extent that these are the quality data, this type of mechanism should be preferred over the radiation pattern technique which requires the separate step of defining the pressure and tension quadrants and the correct strike.

The observed and predicted traces are filtered using the following gsac commands:

cut o DIST/3.3 -40 o DIST/3.3 +50
rtr
taper w 0.1
hp c 0.03 n 3 
lp c 0.10 n 3 
The results of this grid search are as follow:

           DEPTH  STK   DIP  RAKE   MW    FIT
WVFGRD96    1.0    60    45    90   4.49 0.1982
WVFGRD96    2.0    60    45    90   4.66 0.2926
WVFGRD96    3.0   245    45    95   4.69 0.2395
WVFGRD96    4.0   255    75    70   4.67 0.2154
WVFGRD96    5.0    90    90    80   4.72 0.2717
WVFGRD96    6.0   265    85   -95   4.74 0.3292
WVFGRD96    7.0   120     5   -55   4.75 0.3770
WVFGRD96    8.0   125     5   -50   4.85 0.4108
WVFGRD96    9.0   130    10   -50   4.88 0.4546
WVFGRD96   10.0   145    15   -35   4.90 0.4937
WVFGRD96   11.0   140    15   -40   4.92 0.5274
WVFGRD96   12.0   145    15   -35   4.94 0.5557
WVFGRD96   13.0   150    15   -30   4.96 0.5795
WVFGRD96   14.0   150    15   -30   4.98 0.5989
WVFGRD96   15.0   175    15     0   4.99 0.6164
WVFGRD96   16.0   185    15    10   5.01 0.6325
WVFGRD96   17.0   200    15    25   5.03 0.6454
WVFGRD96   18.0   205    15    30   5.04 0.6569
WVFGRD96   19.0   205    15    30   5.06 0.6655
WVFGRD96   20.0   205    15    30   5.07 0.6709
WVFGRD96   21.0   225    10    50   5.09 0.6741
WVFGRD96   22.0   225    10    50   5.11 0.6751
WVFGRD96   23.0   225    10    50   5.12 0.6734
WVFGRD96   24.0   230    10    55   5.13 0.6701
WVFGRD96   25.0   225    10    50   5.14 0.6652
WVFGRD96   26.0   230    10    55   5.15 0.6586
WVFGRD96   27.0   240    10    70   5.15 0.6517
WVFGRD96   28.0   245    10    75   5.16 0.6448
WVFGRD96   29.0   250    10    80   5.17 0.6365
WVFGRD96   30.0    80    80    90   5.17 0.6283
WVFGRD96   31.0    80    80    90   5.18 0.6196
WVFGRD96   32.0    80    80    90   5.18 0.6096
WVFGRD96   33.0   280    10   110   5.19 0.5998
WVFGRD96   34.0    75    80    85   5.19 0.5890
WVFGRD96   35.0    75    80    85   5.19 0.5783
WVFGRD96   36.0   275    15   110   5.19 0.5661
WVFGRD96   37.0   275    15   110   5.19 0.5552
WVFGRD96   38.0    75    75    85   5.18 0.5417
WVFGRD96   39.0    75    75    85   5.18 0.5293

The best solution is

WVFGRD96   22.0   225    10    50   5.11 0.6751

The mechanism corresponding to the best fit is
Figure 1. Waveform inversion focal mechanism

The best fit as a function of depth is given in the following figure:

Figure 2. Depth sensitivity for waveform mechanism

The comparison of the observed and predicted waveforms is given in the next figure. The red traces are the observed and the blue are the predicted. Each observed-predicted component is plotted to the same scale and peak amplitudes are indicated by the numbers to the left of each trace. A pair of numbers is given in black at the right of each predicted traces. The upper number it the time shift required for maximum correlation between the observed and predicted traces. This time shift is required because the synthetics are not computed at exactly the same distance as the observed, the velocity model used in the predictions may not be perfect and the epicentral parameters may be be off. A positive time shift indicates that the prediction is too fast and should be delayed to match the observed trace (shift to the right in this figure). A negative value indicates that the prediction is too slow. The lower number gives the percentage of variance reduction to characterize the individual goodness of fit (100% indicates a perfect fit).

The bandpass filter used in the processing and for the display was

cut o DIST/3.3 -40 o DIST/3.3 +50
rtr
taper w 0.1
hp c 0.03 n 3 
lp c 0.10 n 3 
Figure 3. Waveform comparison for selected depth. Red: observed; Blue - predicted. The time shift with respect to the model prediction is indicated. The percent of fit is also indicated. The time scale is relative to the first trace sample.

Focal mechanism sensitivity at the preferred depth. The red color indicates a very good fit to the waveforms. Each solution is plotted as a vector at a given value of strike and dip with the angle of the vector representing the rake angle, measured, with respect to the upward vertical (N) in the figure.

A check on the assumed source location is possible by looking at the time shifts between the observed and predicted traces. The time shifts for waveform matching arise for several reasons:

Assuming only a mislocation, the time shifts are fit to a functional form:

 Time_shift = A + B cos Azimuth + C Sin Azimuth

The time shifts for this inversion lead to the next figure:

The derived shift in origin time and epicentral coordinates are given at the bottom of the figure.

Velocity Model

The WUS.model used for the waveform synthetic seismograms and for the surface wave eigenfunctions and dispersion is as follows (The format is in the model96 format of Computer Programs in Seismology).

MODEL.01
Model after     8 iterations
ISOTROPIC
KGS
FLAT EARTH
1-D
CONSTANT VELOCITY
LINE08
LINE09
LINE10
LINE11
      H(KM)   VP(KM/S)   VS(KM/S) RHO(GM/CC)         QP         QS       ETAP       ETAS      FREFP      FREFS
     1.9000     3.4065     2.0089     2.2150  0.302E-02  0.679E-02   0.00       0.00       1.00       1.00    
     6.1000     5.5445     3.2953     2.6089  0.349E-02  0.784E-02   0.00       0.00       1.00       1.00    
    13.0000     6.2708     3.7396     2.7812  0.212E-02  0.476E-02   0.00       0.00       1.00       1.00    
    19.0000     6.4075     3.7680     2.8223  0.111E-02  0.249E-02   0.00       0.00       1.00       1.00    
     0.0000     7.9000     4.6200     3.2760  0.164E-10  0.370E-10   0.00       0.00       1.00       1.00    
Last Changed Thu Jul 16 09:06:09 CDT 2026