The ANSS event ID is us6000lhe2 and the event page is at https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us6000lhe2/executive.
2023/10/23 01:49:00 66.2779 -140.9137 10 3.6 Yukon, Canada
USGS/SLU Moment Tensor Solution ENS 2023/10/23 01:49:00:0 66.28 -140.91 10.0 3.6 Yukon, Canada Stations used: AK.C26K AK.CCB AK.COLD AK.D25K AK.DHY AK.DOT AK.E25K AK.E27K AK.H24K AK.HDA AK.I26K AK.I27K AK.J25K AK.J26L AK.MCK AK.MDM AK.NEA2 AK.PAX AK.POKR AK.PS04 AK.PS08 AK.PS09 AK.RIDG AK.SCRK AK.TOLK AK.WRH CN.DAWY CN.EAGLY CN.INK IU.COLA PQ.OGILY PQ.TSIIG Filtering commands used: cut o DIST/3.3 -40 o DIST/3.3 +50 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.08 n 3 Best Fitting Double Couple Mo = 2.95e+21 dyne-cm Mw = 3.58 Z = 11 km Plane Strike Dip Rake NP1 230 80 -20 NP2 324 70 -169 Principal Axes: Axis Value Plunge Azimuth T 2.95e+21 7 278 N 0.00e+00 68 24 P -2.95e+21 21 185 Moment Tensor: (dyne-cm) Component Value Mxx -2.49e+21 Mxy -6.44e+20 Mxz 1.04e+21 Myy 2.83e+21 Myz -2.41e+20 Mzz -3.45e+20 -------------- ---------------------- ####------------------------ ########---------------------- #############-----------------#### ################------------######## ###################-------############ #####################---################ ####################-################# T #################-----################# ###############--------################ ################------------############## ##############---------------############# ###########------------------########### #########---------------------########## #######----------------------######### ####-------------------------####### ##---------------------------##### ------------ ------------### ----------- P ------------## -------- ----------- -------------- Global CMT Convention Moment Tensor: R T P -3.45e+20 1.04e+21 2.41e+20 1.04e+21 -2.49e+21 6.44e+20 2.41e+20 6.44e+20 2.83e+21 Details of the solution is found at http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/20231023014900/index.html |
STK = 230 DIP = 80 RAKE = -20 MW = 3.58 HS = 11.0
The NDK file is 20231023014900.ndk The waveform inversion is preferred.
The following compares this source inversion to those provided by others. The purpose is to look for major differences and also to note slight differences that might be inherent to the processing procedure. For completeness the USGS/SLU solution is repeated from above.
USGS/SLU Moment Tensor Solution ENS 2023/10/23 01:49:00:0 66.28 -140.91 10.0 3.6 Yukon, Canada Stations used: AK.C26K AK.CCB AK.COLD AK.D25K AK.DHY AK.DOT AK.E25K AK.E27K AK.H24K AK.HDA AK.I26K AK.I27K AK.J25K AK.J26L AK.MCK AK.MDM AK.NEA2 AK.PAX AK.POKR AK.PS04 AK.PS08 AK.PS09 AK.RIDG AK.SCRK AK.TOLK AK.WRH CN.DAWY CN.EAGLY CN.INK IU.COLA PQ.OGILY PQ.TSIIG Filtering commands used: cut o DIST/3.3 -40 o DIST/3.3 +50 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.08 n 3 Best Fitting Double Couple Mo = 2.95e+21 dyne-cm Mw = 3.58 Z = 11 km Plane Strike Dip Rake NP1 230 80 -20 NP2 324 70 -169 Principal Axes: Axis Value Plunge Azimuth T 2.95e+21 7 278 N 0.00e+00 68 24 P -2.95e+21 21 185 Moment Tensor: (dyne-cm) Component Value Mxx -2.49e+21 Mxy -6.44e+20 Mxz 1.04e+21 Myy 2.83e+21 Myz -2.41e+20 Mzz -3.45e+20 -------------- ---------------------- ####------------------------ ########---------------------- #############-----------------#### ################------------######## ###################-------############ #####################---################ ####################-################# T #################-----################# ###############--------################ ################------------############## ##############---------------############# ###########------------------########### #########---------------------########## #######----------------------######### ####-------------------------####### ##---------------------------##### ------------ ------------### ----------- P ------------## -------- ----------- -------------- Global CMT Convention Moment Tensor: R T P -3.45e+20 1.04e+21 2.41e+20 1.04e+21 -2.49e+21 6.44e+20 2.41e+20 6.44e+20 2.83e+21 Details of the solution is found at http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/20231023014900/index.html |
W-phase Moment Tensor (Mww) Moment 3.882e+16 N-m Magnitude 5.0 Mww Depth 11.5 km Percent DC 10 % Half Duration 0.81 s Catalog US Data Source US2 Contributor US2 Nodal Planes Plane Strike Dip Rake NP1 248 59 34 NP2 140 62 145 Principal Axes Axis Value Plunge Azimuth T 2.468e+16 N-m 44 103 N 2.006e+16 N-m 46 286 P -4.474e+16 N-m 1 194 |
Given the availability of digital waveforms for determination of the moment tensor, this section documents the added processing leading to mLg, if appropriate to the region, and ML by application of the respective IASPEI formulae. As a research study, the linear distance term of the IASPEI formula for ML is adjusted to remove a linear distance trend in residuals to give a regionally defined ML. The defined ML uses horizontal component recordings, but the same procedure is applied to the vertical components since there may be some interest in vertical component ground motions. Residual plots versus distance may indicate interesting features of ground motion scaling in some distance ranges. A residual plot of the regionalized magnitude is given as a function of distance and azimuth, since data sets may transcend different wave propagation provinces.
Left: mLg computed using the IASPEI formula. Center: mLg residuals versus epicentral distance ; the values used for the trimmed mean magnitude estimate are indicated.
Right: residuals as a function of distance and azimuth.
Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Horizontal components. Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.
Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Vertical components (research). Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.
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The focal mechanism was determined using broadband seismic waveforms. The location of the event (star) and the stations used for (red) the waveform inversion are shown in the next figure.
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The program wvfgrd96 was used with good traces observed at short distance to determine the focal mechanism, depth and seismic moment. This technique requires a high quality signal and well determined velocity model for the Green's functions. To the extent that these are the quality data, this type of mechanism should be preferred over the radiation pattern technique which requires the separate step of defining the pressure and tension quadrants and the correct strike.
The observed and predicted traces are filtered using the following gsac commands:
cut o DIST/3.3 -40 o DIST/3.3 +50 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.08 n 3The results of this grid search are as follow:
DEPTH STK DIP RAKE MW FIT WVFGRD96 1.0 325 90 5 3.22 0.2920 WVFGRD96 2.0 325 90 5 3.31 0.3508 WVFGRD96 3.0 235 75 10 3.36 0.3760 WVFGRD96 4.0 240 60 25 3.43 0.4072 WVFGRD96 5.0 235 70 20 3.44 0.4326 WVFGRD96 6.0 235 70 20 3.47 0.4532 WVFGRD96 7.0 235 75 20 3.49 0.4700 WVFGRD96 8.0 235 70 20 3.53 0.4839 WVFGRD96 9.0 230 75 -15 3.54 0.4847 WVFGRD96 10.0 230 75 -15 3.56 0.4904 WVFGRD96 11.0 230 80 -20 3.58 0.4926 WVFGRD96 12.0 230 80 -20 3.59 0.4916 WVFGRD96 13.0 230 80 -20 3.61 0.4874 WVFGRD96 14.0 230 80 -15 3.62 0.4809 WVFGRD96 15.0 230 80 -15 3.63 0.4721 WVFGRD96 16.0 230 80 -15 3.64 0.4614 WVFGRD96 17.0 230 80 -15 3.65 0.4491 WVFGRD96 18.0 230 80 -15 3.66 0.4352 WVFGRD96 19.0 230 80 -15 3.67 0.4208 WVFGRD96 20.0 230 80 -20 3.67 0.4059 WVFGRD96 21.0 230 80 -20 3.68 0.3910 WVFGRD96 22.0 230 80 -20 3.69 0.3774 WVFGRD96 23.0 230 80 -25 3.70 0.3660 WVFGRD96 24.0 230 80 -25 3.70 0.3559 WVFGRD96 25.0 230 80 -25 3.71 0.3473 WVFGRD96 26.0 230 80 -25 3.72 0.3401 WVFGRD96 27.0 145 90 -20 3.73 0.3377 WVFGRD96 28.0 145 90 -15 3.74 0.3420 WVFGRD96 29.0 145 90 -15 3.75 0.3464
The best solution is
WVFGRD96 11.0 230 80 -20 3.58 0.4926
The mechanism corresponding to the best fit is
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The best fit as a function of depth is given in the following figure:
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The comparison of the observed and predicted waveforms is given in the next figure. The red traces are the observed and the blue are the predicted. Each observed-predicted component is plotted to the same scale and peak amplitudes are indicated by the numbers to the left of each trace. A pair of numbers is given in black at the right of each predicted traces. The upper number it the time shift required for maximum correlation between the observed and predicted traces. This time shift is required because the synthetics are not computed at exactly the same distance as the observed, the velocity model used in the predictions may not be perfect and the epicentral parameters may be be off. A positive time shift indicates that the prediction is too fast and should be delayed to match the observed trace (shift to the right in this figure). A negative value indicates that the prediction is too slow. The lower number gives the percentage of variance reduction to characterize the individual goodness of fit (100% indicates a perfect fit).
The bandpass filter used in the processing and for the display was
cut o DIST/3.3 -40 o DIST/3.3 +50 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.08 n 3
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Figure 3. Waveform comparison for selected depth. Red: observed; Blue - predicted. The time shift with respect to the model prediction is indicated. The percent of fit is also indicated. The time scale is relative to the first trace sample. |
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Focal mechanism sensitivity at the preferred depth. The red color indicates a very good fit to the waveforms. Each solution is plotted as a vector at a given value of strike and dip with the angle of the vector representing the rake angle, measured, with respect to the upward vertical (N) in the figure. |
A check on the assumed source location is possible by looking at the time shifts between the observed and predicted traces. The time shifts for waveform matching arise for several reasons:
Time_shift = A + B cos Azimuth + C Sin Azimuth
The time shifts for this inversion lead to the next figure:
The derived shift in origin time and epicentral coordinates are given at the bottom of the figure.
The WUS model used for the waveform synthetic seismograms and for the surface wave eigenfunctions and dispersion is as follows (The format is in the model96 format of Computer Programs in Seismology).
MODEL.01 Model after 8 iterations ISOTROPIC KGS FLAT EARTH 1-D CONSTANT VELOCITY LINE08 LINE09 LINE10 LINE11 H(KM) VP(KM/S) VS(KM/S) RHO(GM/CC) QP QS ETAP ETAS FREFP FREFS 1.9000 3.4065 2.0089 2.2150 0.302E-02 0.679E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 6.1000 5.5445 3.2953 2.6089 0.349E-02 0.784E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 13.0000 6.2708 3.7396 2.7812 0.212E-02 0.476E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 19.0000 6.4075 3.7680 2.8223 0.111E-02 0.249E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.0000 7.9000 4.6200 3.2760 0.164E-10 0.370E-10 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00