The ANSS event ID is ak02386hegbs and the event page is at https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/ak02386hegbs/executive.
2023/06/27 06:28:36 62.174 -151.108 72.9 3.7 Alaska
USGS/SLU Moment Tensor Solution ENS 2023/06/27 06:28:36:0 62.17 -151.11 72.9 3.7 Alaska Stations used: AK.BPAW AK.CUT AK.GHO AK.KNK AK.KTH AK.L20K AK.RC01 AK.RND AK.SKN AT.PMR AV.STLK Filtering commands used: cut o DIST/3.5 -40 o DIST/3.5 +50 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.08 n 3 Best Fitting Double Couple Mo = 8.91e+21 dyne-cm Mw = 3.90 Z = 76 km Plane Strike Dip Rake NP1 337 61 96 NP2 145 30 80 Principal Axes: Axis Value Plunge Azimuth T 8.91e+21 74 261 N 0.00e+00 5 154 P -8.91e+21 15 62 Moment Tensor: (dyne-cm) Component Value Mxx -1.77e+21 Mxy -3.31e+21 Mxz -1.42e+21 Myy -5.83e+21 Myz -4.36e+21 Mzz 7.60e+21 -------------- ######---------------- -###########---------------- -##############--------------- --################---------------- ---##################----------- - ---####################---------- P -- ----#####################--------- --- ----######################-------------- -----#######################-------------- -----########## ###########------------- ------######### T ###########------------- ------######### ############------------ ------#######################----------- -------#######################---------- -------######################--------- -------#####################-------- --------###################------- --------#################----- ----------#############----- ------------########-# -------------- Global CMT Convention Moment Tensor: R T P 7.60e+21 -1.42e+21 4.36e+21 -1.42e+21 -1.77e+21 3.31e+21 4.36e+21 3.31e+21 -5.83e+21 Details of the solution is found at http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/20230627062836/index.html |
STK = 145 DIP = 30 RAKE = 80 MW = 3.90 HS = 76.0
The NDK file is 20230627062836.ndk The waveform inversion is preferred.
Given the availability of digital waveforms for determination of the moment tensor, this section documents the added processing leading to mLg, if appropriate to the region, and ML by application of the respective IASPEI formulae. As a research study, the linear distance term of the IASPEI formula for ML is adjusted to remove a linear distance trend in residuals to give a regionally defined ML. The defined ML uses horizontal component recordings, but the same procedure is applied to the vertical components since there may be some interest in vertical component ground motions. Residual plots versus distance may indicate interesting features of ground motion scaling in some distance ranges. A residual plot of the regionalized magnitude is given as a function of distance and azimuth, since data sets may transcend different wave propagation provinces.
Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Horizontal components. Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.
Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Vertical components (research). Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.
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The focal mechanism was determined using broadband seismic waveforms. The location of the event (star) and the stations used for (red) the waveform inversion are shown in the next figure.
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The program wvfgrd96 was used with good traces observed at short distance to determine the focal mechanism, depth and seismic moment. This technique requires a high quality signal and well determined velocity model for the Green's functions. To the extent that these are the quality data, this type of mechanism should be preferred over the radiation pattern technique which requires the separate step of defining the pressure and tension quadrants and the correct strike.
The observed and predicted traces are filtered using the following gsac commands:
cut o DIST/3.5 -40 o DIST/3.5 +50 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.08 n 3The results of this grid search are as follow:
DEPTH STK DIP RAKE MW FIT WVFGRD96 2.0 145 45 -90 3.13 0.2288 WVFGRD96 4.0 170 80 25 3.27 0.2938 WVFGRD96 6.0 170 75 20 3.32 0.3500 WVFGRD96 8.0 170 70 20 3.38 0.3825 WVFGRD96 10.0 170 80 30 3.38 0.4080 WVFGRD96 12.0 165 80 35 3.38 0.4232 WVFGRD96 14.0 165 80 35 3.39 0.4290 WVFGRD96 16.0 165 80 35 3.41 0.4290 WVFGRD96 18.0 160 80 35 3.42 0.4251 WVFGRD96 20.0 160 80 35 3.44 0.4214 WVFGRD96 22.0 165 70 30 3.47 0.4176 WVFGRD96 24.0 165 70 20 3.51 0.4163 WVFGRD96 26.0 165 70 25 3.52 0.4151 WVFGRD96 28.0 165 70 25 3.54 0.4141 WVFGRD96 30.0 165 70 25 3.56 0.4126 WVFGRD96 32.0 170 65 25 3.57 0.4108 WVFGRD96 34.0 170 65 30 3.58 0.4078 WVFGRD96 36.0 165 70 30 3.61 0.4020 WVFGRD96 38.0 150 50 70 3.57 0.4013 WVFGRD96 40.0 130 55 70 3.69 0.4164 WVFGRD96 42.0 140 50 75 3.71 0.4323 WVFGRD96 44.0 140 50 75 3.72 0.4419 WVFGRD96 46.0 115 50 60 3.76 0.4531 WVFGRD96 48.0 115 50 60 3.77 0.4706 WVFGRD96 50.0 110 50 55 3.80 0.4888 WVFGRD96 52.0 115 45 55 3.80 0.5031 WVFGRD96 54.0 120 45 60 3.81 0.5166 WVFGRD96 56.0 120 40 60 3.82 0.5292 WVFGRD96 58.0 120 40 60 3.83 0.5410 WVFGRD96 60.0 135 35 70 3.84 0.5494 WVFGRD96 62.0 135 35 70 3.85 0.5615 WVFGRD96 64.0 135 35 70 3.86 0.5686 WVFGRD96 66.0 135 35 70 3.86 0.5757 WVFGRD96 68.0 135 35 70 3.87 0.5811 WVFGRD96 70.0 135 35 70 3.88 0.5839 WVFGRD96 72.0 145 30 80 3.89 0.5885 WVFGRD96 74.0 145 30 80 3.90 0.5885 WVFGRD96 76.0 145 30 80 3.90 0.5912 WVFGRD96 78.0 340 60 95 3.91 0.5896 WVFGRD96 80.0 340 60 95 3.91 0.5900 WVFGRD96 82.0 340 60 95 3.92 0.5872 WVFGRD96 84.0 145 30 80 3.93 0.5863 WVFGRD96 86.0 145 30 80 3.93 0.5821 WVFGRD96 88.0 340 60 95 3.93 0.5796 WVFGRD96 90.0 145 30 80 3.94 0.5746 WVFGRD96 92.0 145 30 80 3.94 0.5710 WVFGRD96 94.0 145 30 80 3.95 0.5656 WVFGRD96 96.0 150 30 85 3.95 0.5603 WVFGRD96 98.0 155 30 85 3.95 0.5552
The best solution is
WVFGRD96 76.0 145 30 80 3.90 0.5912
The mechanism corresponding to the best fit is
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The best fit as a function of depth is given in the following figure:
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The comparison of the observed and predicted waveforms is given in the next figure. The red traces are the observed and the blue are the predicted. Each observed-predicted component is plotted to the same scale and peak amplitudes are indicated by the numbers to the left of each trace. A pair of numbers is given in black at the right of each predicted traces. The upper number it the time shift required for maximum correlation between the observed and predicted traces. This time shift is required because the synthetics are not computed at exactly the same distance as the observed, the velocity model used in the predictions may not be perfect and the epicentral parameters may be be off. A positive time shift indicates that the prediction is too fast and should be delayed to match the observed trace (shift to the right in this figure). A negative value indicates that the prediction is too slow. The lower number gives the percentage of variance reduction to characterize the individual goodness of fit (100% indicates a perfect fit).
The bandpass filter used in the processing and for the display was
cut o DIST/3.5 -40 o DIST/3.5 +50 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.08 n 3
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Figure 3. Waveform comparison for selected depth. Red: observed; Blue - predicted. The time shift with respect to the model prediction is indicated. The percent of fit is also indicated. The time scale is relative to the first trace sample. |
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Focal mechanism sensitivity at the preferred depth. The red color indicates a very good fit to the waveforms. Each solution is plotted as a vector at a given value of strike and dip with the angle of the vector representing the rake angle, measured, with respect to the upward vertical (N) in the figure. |
A check on the assumed source location is possible by looking at the time shifts between the observed and predicted traces. The time shifts for waveform matching arise for several reasons:
Time_shift = A + B cos Azimuth + C Sin Azimuth
The time shifts for this inversion lead to the next figure:
The derived shift in origin time and epicentral coordinates are given at the bottom of the figure.
The WUS.model used for the waveform synthetic seismograms and for the surface wave eigenfunctions and dispersion is as follows (The format is in the model96 format of Computer Programs in Seismology).
MODEL.01 Model after 8 iterations ISOTROPIC KGS FLAT EARTH 1-D CONSTANT VELOCITY LINE08 LINE09 LINE10 LINE11 H(KM) VP(KM/S) VS(KM/S) RHO(GM/CC) QP QS ETAP ETAS FREFP FREFS 1.9000 3.4065 2.0089 2.2150 0.302E-02 0.679E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 6.1000 5.5445 3.2953 2.6089 0.349E-02 0.784E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 13.0000 6.2708 3.7396 2.7812 0.212E-02 0.476E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 19.0000 6.4075 3.7680 2.8223 0.111E-02 0.249E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.0000 7.9000 4.6200 3.2760 0.164E-10 0.370E-10 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00