The ANSS event ID is ak0209z121w6 and the event page is at https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/ak0209z121w6/executive.
2020/08/04 09:13:26 62.405 -149.512 49.5 3.8 Alaska
USGS/SLU Moment Tensor Solution ENS 2020/08/04 09:13:26:0 62.40 -149.51 49.5 3.8 Alaska Stations used: AK.CAST AK.DIV AK.GHO AK.K24K AK.KNK AK.KTH AK.L22K AK.M20K AK.MCK AK.PAX AK.PPLA AK.PWL AK.RC01 AK.RND AK.SAW AK.SCM AK.SKN AK.TRF AT.PMR TA.M22K Filtering commands used: cut o DIST/3.3 -40 o DIST/3.3 +30 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3 Best Fitting Double Couple Mo = 8.32e+21 dyne-cm Mw = 3.88 Z = 58 km Plane Strike Dip Rake NP1 212 76 -111 NP2 90 25 -35 Principal Axes: Axis Value Plunge Azimuth T 8.32e+21 28 319 N 0.00e+00 20 218 P -8.32e+21 54 97 Moment Tensor: (dyne-cm) Component Value Mxx 3.65e+21 Mxy -2.88e+21 Mxz 3.07e+21 Myy -2.52e+14 Myz -6.18e+21 Mzz -3.65e+21 ############## ###################### #######################----- #### ##############--------- ###### T #############------------ ####### ###########--------------- ####################------------------ ####################-------------------- ###################--------------------- ###################----------------------- #################----------- ----------- ################------------ P ----------- -##############------------- ----------# -############--------------------------# --##########--------------------------## --#########-------------------------## ---######------------------------### -----##----------------------##### -----#------------------###### ---#########----############ ###################### ############## Global CMT Convention Moment Tensor: R T P -3.65e+21 3.07e+21 6.18e+21 3.07e+21 3.65e+21 2.88e+21 6.18e+21 2.88e+21 -2.52e+14 Details of the solution is found at http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/20200804091326/index.html |
STK = 90 DIP = 25 RAKE = -35 MW = 3.88 HS = 58.0
The NDK file is 20200804091326.ndk The waveform inversion is preferred.
Given the availability of digital waveforms for determination of the moment tensor, this section documents the added processing leading to mLg, if appropriate to the region, and ML by application of the respective IASPEI formulae. As a research study, the linear distance term of the IASPEI formula for ML is adjusted to remove a linear distance trend in residuals to give a regionally defined ML. The defined ML uses horizontal component recordings, but the same procedure is applied to the vertical components since there may be some interest in vertical component ground motions. Residual plots versus distance may indicate interesting features of ground motion scaling in some distance ranges. A residual plot of the regionalized magnitude is given as a function of distance and azimuth, since data sets may transcend different wave propagation provinces.
Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Horizontal components. Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.
Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Vertical components (research). Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.
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The focal mechanism was determined using broadband seismic waveforms. The location of the event (star) and the stations used for (red) the waveform inversion are shown in the next figure.
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The program wvfgrd96 was used with good traces observed at short distance to determine the focal mechanism, depth and seismic moment. This technique requires a high quality signal and well determined velocity model for the Green's functions. To the extent that these are the quality data, this type of mechanism should be preferred over the radiation pattern technique which requires the separate step of defining the pressure and tension quadrants and the correct strike.
The observed and predicted traces are filtered using the following gsac commands:
cut o DIST/3.3 -40 o DIST/3.3 +30 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3The results of this grid search are as follow:
DEPTH STK DIP RAKE MW FIT WVFGRD96 2.0 45 50 80 3.04 0.1729 WVFGRD96 4.0 0 65 -40 3.09 0.1814 WVFGRD96 6.0 0 70 -40 3.15 0.2146 WVFGRD96 8.0 185 85 -55 3.25 0.2443 WVFGRD96 10.0 15 75 45 3.29 0.2723 WVFGRD96 12.0 15 75 45 3.33 0.2951 WVFGRD96 14.0 15 75 45 3.36 0.3058 WVFGRD96 16.0 15 70 40 3.39 0.3091 WVFGRD96 18.0 15 80 50 3.41 0.3074 WVFGRD96 20.0 110 55 15 3.44 0.3063 WVFGRD96 22.0 110 50 15 3.48 0.3277 WVFGRD96 24.0 110 50 10 3.50 0.3478 WVFGRD96 26.0 105 50 5 3.53 0.3660 WVFGRD96 28.0 105 45 5 3.56 0.3831 WVFGRD96 30.0 110 45 20 3.58 0.3977 WVFGRD96 32.0 110 40 15 3.60 0.4144 WVFGRD96 34.0 110 45 15 3.62 0.4384 WVFGRD96 36.0 100 40 -10 3.63 0.4625 WVFGRD96 38.0 100 40 -10 3.65 0.4903 WVFGRD96 40.0 95 30 -20 3.77 0.5165 WVFGRD96 42.0 95 30 -20 3.79 0.5530 WVFGRD96 44.0 95 30 -25 3.80 0.5880 WVFGRD96 46.0 95 30 -25 3.82 0.6201 WVFGRD96 48.0 90 30 -35 3.83 0.6483 WVFGRD96 50.0 95 30 -30 3.84 0.6695 WVFGRD96 52.0 90 30 -35 3.85 0.6875 WVFGRD96 54.0 95 30 -30 3.86 0.6975 WVFGRD96 56.0 90 25 -35 3.88 0.7065 WVFGRD96 58.0 90 25 -35 3.88 0.7103 WVFGRD96 60.0 90 25 -35 3.89 0.7075 WVFGRD96 62.0 90 25 -35 3.90 0.7059 WVFGRD96 64.0 90 25 -35 3.90 0.7006 WVFGRD96 66.0 95 25 -30 3.91 0.6925 WVFGRD96 68.0 95 25 -30 3.91 0.6842 WVFGRD96 70.0 95 25 -30 3.91 0.6738 WVFGRD96 72.0 95 25 -30 3.92 0.6638 WVFGRD96 74.0 90 25 -40 3.92 0.6532 WVFGRD96 76.0 90 25 -40 3.92 0.6439 WVFGRD96 78.0 90 25 -40 3.92 0.6333 WVFGRD96 80.0 90 25 -40 3.92 0.6240 WVFGRD96 82.0 80 20 -45 3.93 0.6117 WVFGRD96 84.0 75 15 -55 3.95 0.6024 WVFGRD96 86.0 80 15 -55 3.95 0.5932 WVFGRD96 88.0 80 15 -55 3.95 0.5827 WVFGRD96 90.0 75 15 -60 3.95 0.5746 WVFGRD96 92.0 75 15 -60 3.95 0.5650 WVFGRD96 94.0 75 15 -60 3.95 0.5544 WVFGRD96 96.0 65 20 -70 3.93 0.5444 WVFGRD96 98.0 50 20 -85 3.93 0.5362 WVFGRD96 100.0 50 20 -85 3.93 0.5308 WVFGRD96 102.0 225 70 -90 3.93 0.5242 WVFGRD96 104.0 50 20 -85 3.93 0.5156 WVFGRD96 106.0 120 15 -10 3.97 0.5126 WVFGRD96 108.0 50 20 -85 3.93 0.5038
The best solution is
WVFGRD96 58.0 90 25 -35 3.88 0.7103
The mechanism corresponding to the best fit is
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The best fit as a function of depth is given in the following figure:
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The comparison of the observed and predicted waveforms is given in the next figure. The red traces are the observed and the blue are the predicted. Each observed-predicted component is plotted to the same scale and peak amplitudes are indicated by the numbers to the left of each trace. A pair of numbers is given in black at the right of each predicted traces. The upper number it the time shift required for maximum correlation between the observed and predicted traces. This time shift is required because the synthetics are not computed at exactly the same distance as the observed, the velocity model used in the predictions may not be perfect and the epicentral parameters may be be off. A positive time shift indicates that the prediction is too fast and should be delayed to match the observed trace (shift to the right in this figure). A negative value indicates that the prediction is too slow. The lower number gives the percentage of variance reduction to characterize the individual goodness of fit (100% indicates a perfect fit).
The bandpass filter used in the processing and for the display was
cut o DIST/3.3 -40 o DIST/3.3 +30 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3
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Figure 3. Waveform comparison for selected depth. Red: observed; Blue - predicted. The time shift with respect to the model prediction is indicated. The percent of fit is also indicated. The time scale is relative to the first trace sample. |
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Focal mechanism sensitivity at the preferred depth. The red color indicates a very good fit to the waveforms. Each solution is plotted as a vector at a given value of strike and dip with the angle of the vector representing the rake angle, measured, with respect to the upward vertical (N) in the figure. |
A check on the assumed source location is possible by looking at the time shifts between the observed and predicted traces. The time shifts for waveform matching arise for several reasons:
Time_shift = A + B cos Azimuth + C Sin Azimuth
The time shifts for this inversion lead to the next figure:
The derived shift in origin time and epicentral coordinates are given at the bottom of the figure.
The WUS.model used for the waveform synthetic seismograms and for the surface wave eigenfunctions and dispersion is as follows (The format is in the model96 format of Computer Programs in Seismology).
MODEL.01 Model after 8 iterations ISOTROPIC KGS FLAT EARTH 1-D CONSTANT VELOCITY LINE08 LINE09 LINE10 LINE11 H(KM) VP(KM/S) VS(KM/S) RHO(GM/CC) QP QS ETAP ETAS FREFP FREFS 1.9000 3.4065 2.0089 2.2150 0.302E-02 0.679E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 6.1000 5.5445 3.2953 2.6089 0.349E-02 0.784E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 13.0000 6.2708 3.7396 2.7812 0.212E-02 0.476E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 19.0000 6.4075 3.7680 2.8223 0.111E-02 0.249E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.0000 7.9000 4.6200 3.2760 0.164E-10 0.370E-10 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00