The ANSS event ID is ak018fcoysc3 and the event page is at https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/ak018fcoysc3/executive.
2018/11/30 19:26:28 61.371 -150.004 39.8 4.8 Alaska
USGS/SLU Moment Tensor Solution ENS 2018/11/30 19:26:28:0 61.37 -150.00 39.8 4.8 Alaska Stations used: AK.CAPN AK.HIN AK.PWL AK.RAG AK.RC01 AK.SAW AK.SCM AK.SKN AV.ILSW TA.M22K TA.M24K Filtering commands used: cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +50 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3 Best Fitting Double Couple Mo = 1.62e+23 dyne-cm Mw = 4.74 Z = 50 km Plane Strike Dip Rake NP1 200 55 -65 NP2 341 42 -121 Principal Axes: Axis Value Plunge Azimuth T 1.62e+23 7 272 N 0.00e+00 20 5 P -1.62e+23 69 165 Moment Tensor: (dyne-cm) Component Value Mxx -1.99e+22 Mxy -1.38e+21 Mxz 5.41e+22 Myy 1.58e+23 Myz -3.38e+22 Mzz -1.38e+23 ##------------ ###########---######## ##############---########### #############-------########## ##############----------########## #############-------------########## #############---------------########## #############-----------------########## ############-------------------######### ##########--------------------######### T #########---------------------######### #########---------------------######### ###########---------- ----------######## ##########---------- P ----------####### ##########---------- ----------####### #########----------------------####### ########----------------------###### #######----------------------##### #####---------------------#### #####-------------------#### ###-----------------## -------------- Global CMT Convention Moment Tensor: R T P -1.38e+23 5.41e+22 3.38e+22 5.41e+22 -1.99e+22 1.38e+21 3.38e+22 1.38e+21 1.58e+23 Details of the solution is found at http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/20181130192628/index.html |
STK = 200 DIP = 55 RAKE = -65 MW = 4.74 HS = 50.0
The NDK file is 20181130192628.ndk The waveform inversion is preferred.
Given the availability of digital waveforms for determination of the moment tensor, this section documents the added processing leading to mLg, if appropriate to the region, and ML by application of the respective IASPEI formulae. As a research study, the linear distance term of the IASPEI formula for ML is adjusted to remove a linear distance trend in residuals to give a regionally defined ML. The defined ML uses horizontal component recordings, but the same procedure is applied to the vertical components since there may be some interest in vertical component ground motions. Residual plots versus distance may indicate interesting features of ground motion scaling in some distance ranges. A residual plot of the regionalized magnitude is given as a function of distance and azimuth, since data sets may transcend different wave propagation provinces.
Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Horizontal components. Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.
Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Vertical components (research). Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.
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The focal mechanism was determined using broadband seismic waveforms. The location of the event (star) and the stations used for (red) the waveform inversion are shown in the next figure.
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The program wvfgrd96 was used with good traces observed at short distance to determine the focal mechanism, depth and seismic moment. This technique requires a high quality signal and well determined velocity model for the Green's functions. To the extent that these are the quality data, this type of mechanism should be preferred over the radiation pattern technique which requires the separate step of defining the pressure and tension quadrants and the correct strike.
The observed and predicted traces are filtered using the following gsac commands:
cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +50 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3The results of this grid search are as follow:
DEPTH STK DIP RAKE MW FIT WVFGRD96 2.0 355 45 85 4.01 0.2430 WVFGRD96 4.0 305 60 -20 4.00 0.2795 WVFGRD96 6.0 310 50 5 4.09 0.3192 WVFGRD96 8.0 310 50 5 4.17 0.3426 WVFGRD96 10.0 310 50 0 4.21 0.3488 WVFGRD96 12.0 310 50 0 4.24 0.3420 WVFGRD96 14.0 310 50 0 4.27 0.3286 WVFGRD96 16.0 310 50 -5 4.28 0.3115 WVFGRD96 18.0 310 50 -5 4.30 0.2921 WVFGRD96 20.0 310 45 -5 4.32 0.2726 WVFGRD96 22.0 220 75 -40 4.34 0.2703 WVFGRD96 24.0 220 80 -40 4.37 0.2936 WVFGRD96 26.0 220 80 -40 4.40 0.3180 WVFGRD96 28.0 220 80 -40 4.42 0.3396 WVFGRD96 30.0 220 80 -40 4.44 0.3563 WVFGRD96 32.0 215 70 -45 4.48 0.3746 WVFGRD96 34.0 215 70 -45 4.49 0.3888 WVFGRD96 36.0 210 65 -50 4.53 0.4042 WVFGRD96 38.0 205 60 -55 4.56 0.4144 WVFGRD96 40.0 200 60 -65 4.65 0.4223 WVFGRD96 42.0 205 60 -60 4.66 0.4297 WVFGRD96 44.0 205 60 -60 4.68 0.4336 WVFGRD96 46.0 200 55 -65 4.71 0.4357 WVFGRD96 48.0 200 55 -65 4.72 0.4377 WVFGRD96 50.0 200 55 -65 4.74 0.4381 WVFGRD96 52.0 200 55 -65 4.75 0.4350 WVFGRD96 54.0 195 55 -70 4.76 0.4319 WVFGRD96 56.0 190 55 -70 4.78 0.4274 WVFGRD96 58.0 190 55 -70 4.78 0.4210 WVFGRD96 60.0 190 55 -75 4.78 0.4126 WVFGRD96 62.0 190 55 -75 4.79 0.4054 WVFGRD96 64.0 185 50 -85 4.78 0.3966 WVFGRD96 66.0 185 50 -85 4.78 0.3898 WVFGRD96 68.0 0 40 -95 4.78 0.3860 WVFGRD96 70.0 40 55 -40 4.73 0.3871 WVFGRD96 72.0 25 45 -60 4.76 0.3878 WVFGRD96 74.0 40 55 -45 4.74 0.3903 WVFGRD96 76.0 40 55 -45 4.75 0.3918 WVFGRD96 78.0 40 55 -45 4.75 0.3929 WVFGRD96 80.0 40 55 -45 4.75 0.3938 WVFGRD96 82.0 45 60 -35 4.74 0.3948 WVFGRD96 84.0 45 60 -35 4.75 0.3946 WVFGRD96 86.0 45 60 -35 4.75 0.3945 WVFGRD96 88.0 45 60 -35 4.76 0.3933 WVFGRD96 90.0 45 60 -35 4.76 0.3919 WVFGRD96 92.0 45 60 -35 4.76 0.3916 WVFGRD96 94.0 50 65 -30 4.76 0.3918 WVFGRD96 96.0 50 65 -30 4.77 0.3923 WVFGRD96 98.0 50 65 -30 4.77 0.3923
The best solution is
WVFGRD96 50.0 200 55 -65 4.74 0.4381
The mechanism corresponding to the best fit is
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The best fit as a function of depth is given in the following figure:
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The comparison of the observed and predicted waveforms is given in the next figure. The red traces are the observed and the blue are the predicted. Each observed-predicted component is plotted to the same scale and peak amplitudes are indicated by the numbers to the left of each trace. A pair of numbers is given in black at the right of each predicted traces. The upper number it the time shift required for maximum correlation between the observed and predicted traces. This time shift is required because the synthetics are not computed at exactly the same distance as the observed, the velocity model used in the predictions may not be perfect and the epicentral parameters may be be off. A positive time shift indicates that the prediction is too fast and should be delayed to match the observed trace (shift to the right in this figure). A negative value indicates that the prediction is too slow. The lower number gives the percentage of variance reduction to characterize the individual goodness of fit (100% indicates a perfect fit).
The bandpass filter used in the processing and for the display was
cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +50 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3
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Figure 3. Waveform comparison for selected depth. Red: observed; Blue - predicted. The time shift with respect to the model prediction is indicated. The percent of fit is also indicated. The time scale is relative to the first trace sample. |
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Focal mechanism sensitivity at the preferred depth. The red color indicates a very good fit to the waveforms. Each solution is plotted as a vector at a given value of strike and dip with the angle of the vector representing the rake angle, measured, with respect to the upward vertical (N) in the figure. |
A check on the assumed source location is possible by looking at the time shifts between the observed and predicted traces. The time shifts for waveform matching arise for several reasons:
Time_shift = A + B cos Azimuth + C Sin Azimuth
The time shifts for this inversion lead to the next figure:
The derived shift in origin time and epicentral coordinates are given at the bottom of the figure.
The WUS.model used for the waveform synthetic seismograms and for the surface wave eigenfunctions and dispersion is as follows (The format is in the model96 format of Computer Programs in Seismology).
MODEL.01 Model after 8 iterations ISOTROPIC KGS FLAT EARTH 1-D CONSTANT VELOCITY LINE08 LINE09 LINE10 LINE11 H(KM) VP(KM/S) VS(KM/S) RHO(GM/CC) QP QS ETAP ETAS FREFP FREFS 1.9000 3.4065 2.0089 2.2150 0.302E-02 0.679E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 6.1000 5.5445 3.2953 2.6089 0.349E-02 0.784E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 13.0000 6.2708 3.7396 2.7812 0.212E-02 0.476E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 19.0000 6.4075 3.7680 2.8223 0.111E-02 0.249E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.0000 7.9000 4.6200 3.2760 0.164E-10 0.370E-10 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00