The ANSS event ID is us2000hb2a and the event page is at https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us2000hb2a/executive.
2018/09/08 14:36:33 36.460 -98.758 7.7 3.5 Oklahoma
USGS/SLU Moment Tensor Solution ENS 2018/09/08 14:36:33:0 36.46 -98.76 7.7 3.5 Oklahoma Stations used: GS.OK029 GS.OK032 GS.OK048 N4.R32B N4.T35B N4.TUL3 O2.CRES O2.DOVR O2.PERK O2.PERY O2.SHWN OK.CROK OK.FNO TX.SMWD US.CBKS US.KSU1 Filtering commands used: cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +40 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3 Best Fitting Double Couple Mo = 2.02e+21 dyne-cm Mw = 3.47 Z = 8 km Plane Strike Dip Rake NP1 219 85 165 NP2 310 75 5 Principal Axes: Axis Value Plunge Azimuth T 2.02e+21 14 173 N 0.00e+00 74 21 P -2.02e+21 7 265 Moment Tensor: (dyne-cm) Component Value Mxx 1.86e+21 Mxy -3.81e+20 Mxz -4.51e+20 Myy -1.95e+21 Myz 3.01e+20 Mzz 8.80e+19 ############## ###################### ##########################-- ##########################---- -----#####################-------- ----------###############----------- --------------##########-------------- ------------------######---------------- --------------------##------------------ ----------------------##------------------ -----------------######---------------- P ----------------#########-------------- --------------#############------------ ---------------###############---------- -------------###################-------- -----------#####################------ ---------#######################---- -------#########################-- ---########################### -############## ########## ############ T ####### ######## ### Global CMT Convention Moment Tensor: R T P 8.80e+19 -4.51e+20 -3.01e+20 -4.51e+20 1.86e+21 3.81e+20 -3.01e+20 3.81e+20 -1.95e+21 Details of the solution is found at http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/20180908143633/index.html |
STK = 310 DIP = 75 RAKE = 5 MW = 3.47 HS = 8.0
The NDK file is 20180908143633.ndk The waveform inversion is preferred.
Given the availability of digital waveforms for determination of the moment tensor, this section documents the added processing leading to mLg, if appropriate to the region, and ML by application of the respective IASPEI formulae. As a research study, the linear distance term of the IASPEI formula for ML is adjusted to remove a linear distance trend in residuals to give a regionally defined ML. The defined ML uses horizontal component recordings, but the same procedure is applied to the vertical components since there may be some interest in vertical component ground motions. Residual plots versus distance may indicate interesting features of ground motion scaling in some distance ranges. A residual plot of the regionalized magnitude is given as a function of distance and azimuth, since data sets may transcend different wave propagation provinces.
Left: mLg computed using the IASPEI formula. Center: mLg residuals versus epicentral distance ; the values used for the trimmed mean magnitude estimate are indicated.
Right: residuals as a function of distance and azimuth.
Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Horizontal components. Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.
Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Vertical components (research). Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.
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The focal mechanism was determined using broadband seismic waveforms. The location of the event (star) and the stations used for (red) the waveform inversion are shown in the next figure.
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The program wvfgrd96 was used with good traces observed at short distance to determine the focal mechanism, depth and seismic moment. This technique requires a high quality signal and well determined velocity model for the Green's functions. To the extent that these are the quality data, this type of mechanism should be preferred over the radiation pattern technique which requires the separate step of defining the pressure and tension quadrants and the correct strike.
The observed and predicted traces are filtered using the following gsac commands:
cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +40 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3The results of this grid search are as follow:
DEPTH STK DIP RAKE MW FIT WVFGRD96 1.0 130 85 -15 3.09 0.3433 WVFGRD96 2.0 130 85 0 3.21 0.4559 WVFGRD96 3.0 310 70 -10 3.29 0.5031 WVFGRD96 4.0 310 70 -5 3.33 0.5377 WVFGRD96 5.0 310 75 -5 3.36 0.5635 WVFGRD96 6.0 310 75 0 3.40 0.5812 WVFGRD96 7.0 310 80 0 3.43 0.5911 WVFGRD96 8.0 310 75 5 3.47 0.5940 WVFGRD96 9.0 310 80 0 3.49 0.5887 WVFGRD96 10.0 310 80 5 3.51 0.5793 WVFGRD96 11.0 310 80 5 3.53 0.5656 WVFGRD96 12.0 310 80 0 3.55 0.5488 WVFGRD96 13.0 130 85 0 3.56 0.5312 WVFGRD96 14.0 130 85 0 3.57 0.5118 WVFGRD96 15.0 130 85 0 3.59 0.4910 WVFGRD96 16.0 130 85 0 3.60 0.4705 WVFGRD96 17.0 310 85 0 3.60 0.4489 WVFGRD96 18.0 130 85 -10 3.61 0.4281 WVFGRD96 19.0 310 85 5 3.61 0.4089 WVFGRD96 20.0 310 85 5 3.62 0.3906 WVFGRD96 21.0 310 85 5 3.63 0.3730 WVFGRD96 22.0 310 80 5 3.63 0.3569 WVFGRD96 23.0 310 80 0 3.63 0.3420 WVFGRD96 24.0 310 80 0 3.64 0.3280 WVFGRD96 25.0 310 80 0 3.64 0.3155 WVFGRD96 26.0 310 80 0 3.64 0.3036 WVFGRD96 27.0 310 80 0 3.64 0.2915 WVFGRD96 28.0 45 90 0 3.66 0.2831 WVFGRD96 29.0 225 80 0 3.66 0.2918
The best solution is
WVFGRD96 8.0 310 75 5 3.47 0.5940
The mechanism corresponding to the best fit is
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The best fit as a function of depth is given in the following figure:
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The comparison of the observed and predicted waveforms is given in the next figure. The red traces are the observed and the blue are the predicted. Each observed-predicted component is plotted to the same scale and peak amplitudes are indicated by the numbers to the left of each trace. A pair of numbers is given in black at the right of each predicted traces. The upper number it the time shift required for maximum correlation between the observed and predicted traces. This time shift is required because the synthetics are not computed at exactly the same distance as the observed, the velocity model used in the predictions may not be perfect and the epicentral parameters may be be off. A positive time shift indicates that the prediction is too fast and should be delayed to match the observed trace (shift to the right in this figure). A negative value indicates that the prediction is too slow. The lower number gives the percentage of variance reduction to characterize the individual goodness of fit (100% indicates a perfect fit).
The bandpass filter used in the processing and for the display was
cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +40 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3
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Figure 3. Waveform comparison for selected depth. Red: observed; Blue - predicted. The time shift with respect to the model prediction is indicated. The percent of fit is also indicated. The time scale is relative to the first trace sample. |
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Focal mechanism sensitivity at the preferred depth. The red color indicates a very good fit to the waveforms. Each solution is plotted as a vector at a given value of strike and dip with the angle of the vector representing the rake angle, measured, with respect to the upward vertical (N) in the figure. |
A check on the assumed source location is possible by looking at the time shifts between the observed and predicted traces. The time shifts for waveform matching arise for several reasons:
Time_shift = A + B cos Azimuth + C Sin Azimuth
The time shifts for this inversion lead to the next figure:
The derived shift in origin time and epicentral coordinates are given at the bottom of the figure.
The WUS.model used for the waveform synthetic seismograms and for the surface wave eigenfunctions and dispersion is as follows (The format is in the model96 format of Computer Programs in Seismology).
MODEL.01 Model after 8 iterations ISOTROPIC KGS FLAT EARTH 1-D CONSTANT VELOCITY LINE08 LINE09 LINE10 LINE11 H(KM) VP(KM/S) VS(KM/S) RHO(GM/CC) QP QS ETAP ETAS FREFP FREFS 1.9000 3.4065 2.0089 2.2150 0.302E-02 0.679E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 6.1000 5.5445 3.2953 2.6089 0.349E-02 0.784E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 13.0000 6.2708 3.7396 2.7812 0.212E-02 0.476E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 19.0000 6.4075 3.7680 2.8223 0.111E-02 0.249E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.0000 7.9000 4.6200 3.2760 0.164E-10 0.370E-10 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00