The ANSS event ID is ak017a8wiw06 and the event page is at https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/ak017a8wiw06/executive.
2017/08/11 06:18:17 60.068 -152.470 95.7 4.9 Alaska
USGS/SLU Moment Tensor Solution ENS 2017/08/11 06:18:17:0 60.07 -152.47 95.7 4.9 Alaska Stations used: AK.BRLK AK.CNP AK.CUT AK.HOM AK.RC01 AK.SSN AT.PMR AT.SVW2 AT.TTA TA.L19K TA.M19K TA.M20K TA.M22K TA.N18K TA.N19K TA.O18K TA.O19K TA.P18K TA.P19K TA.Q19K Filtering commands used: cut o DIST/3.4 -30 o DIST/3.4 +70 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3 Best Fitting Double Couple Mo = 3.02e+23 dyne-cm Mw = 4.92 Z = 98 km Plane Strike Dip Rake NP1 255 65 65 NP2 123 35 132 Principal Axes: Axis Value Plunge Azimuth T 3.02e+23 62 126 N 0.00e+00 23 266 P -3.02e+23 16 3 Moment Tensor: (dyne-cm) Component Value Mxx -2.53e+23 Mxy -4.78e+22 Mxz -1.56e+23 Myy 4.38e+22 Myz 9.76e+22 Mzz 2.10e+23 ------ ----- ---------- P --------- ------------- ------------ ------------------------------ ---------------------------------- ------------------------------------ #------------------------------------- ##------------------#################--- ##------------########################## ###--------############################### ####---################################### ########################################## ###---#################### ############# ------################### T ############ -------################## ############ --------############################## ---------########################### -----------######################- -------------###############-- ---------------------------- ---------------------- -------------- Global CMT Convention Moment Tensor: R T P 2.10e+23 -1.56e+23 -9.76e+22 -1.56e+23 -2.53e+23 4.78e+22 -9.76e+22 4.78e+22 4.38e+22 Details of the solution is found at http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/20170811061817/index.html |
STK = 255 DIP = 65 RAKE = 65 MW = 4.92 HS = 98.0
The NDK file is 20170811061817.ndk The waveform inversion is preferred.
The following compares this source inversion to those provided by others. The purpose is to look for major differences and also to note slight differences that might be inherent to the processing procedure. For completeness the USGS/SLU solution is repeated from above.
USGS/SLU Moment Tensor Solution ENS 2017/08/11 06:18:17:0 60.07 -152.47 95.7 4.9 Alaska Stations used: AK.BRLK AK.CNP AK.CUT AK.HOM AK.RC01 AK.SSN AT.PMR AT.SVW2 AT.TTA TA.L19K TA.M19K TA.M20K TA.M22K TA.N18K TA.N19K TA.O18K TA.O19K TA.P18K TA.P19K TA.Q19K Filtering commands used: cut o DIST/3.4 -30 o DIST/3.4 +70 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3 Best Fitting Double Couple Mo = 3.02e+23 dyne-cm Mw = 4.92 Z = 98 km Plane Strike Dip Rake NP1 255 65 65 NP2 123 35 132 Principal Axes: Axis Value Plunge Azimuth T 3.02e+23 62 126 N 0.00e+00 23 266 P -3.02e+23 16 3 Moment Tensor: (dyne-cm) Component Value Mxx -2.53e+23 Mxy -4.78e+22 Mxz -1.56e+23 Myy 4.38e+22 Myz 9.76e+22 Mzz 2.10e+23 ------ ----- ---------- P --------- ------------- ------------ ------------------------------ ---------------------------------- ------------------------------------ #------------------------------------- ##------------------#################--- ##------------########################## ###--------############################### ####---################################### ########################################## ###---#################### ############# ------################### T ############ -------################## ############ --------############################## ---------########################### -----------######################- -------------###############-- ---------------------------- ---------------------- -------------- Global CMT Convention Moment Tensor: R T P 2.10e+23 -1.56e+23 -9.76e+22 -1.56e+23 -2.53e+23 4.78e+22 -9.76e+22 4.78e+22 4.38e+22 Details of the solution is found at http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/20170811061817/index.html |
Regional Moment Tensor (Mwr) Moment 3.483e+16 N-m Magnitude 5.0 Mwr Depth 102.0 km Percent DC 91 % Half Duration – Catalog US Data Source US3 Contributor US3 Nodal Planes Plane Strike Dip Rake NP1 255 62 72 NP2 110 33 120 Principal Axes Axis Value Plunge Azimuth T 3.560e+16 N-m 68 128 N -0.158e+16 N-m 16 264 P -3.401e+16 N-m 15 358 |
Given the availability of digital waveforms for determination of the moment tensor, this section documents the added processing leading to mLg, if appropriate to the region, and ML by application of the respective IASPEI formulae. As a research study, the linear distance term of the IASPEI formula for ML is adjusted to remove a linear distance trend in residuals to give a regionally defined ML. The defined ML uses horizontal component recordings, but the same procedure is applied to the vertical components since there may be some interest in vertical component ground motions. Residual plots versus distance may indicate interesting features of ground motion scaling in some distance ranges. A residual plot of the regionalized magnitude is given as a function of distance and azimuth, since data sets may transcend different wave propagation provinces.
Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Horizontal components. Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.
Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Vertical components (research). Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.
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The focal mechanism was determined using broadband seismic waveforms. The location of the event (star) and the stations used for (red) the waveform inversion are shown in the next figure.
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The program wvfgrd96 was used with good traces observed at short distance to determine the focal mechanism, depth and seismic moment. This technique requires a high quality signal and well determined velocity model for the Green's functions. To the extent that these are the quality data, this type of mechanism should be preferred over the radiation pattern technique which requires the separate step of defining the pressure and tension quadrants and the correct strike.
The observed and predicted traces are filtered using the following gsac commands:
cut o DIST/3.4 -30 o DIST/3.4 +70 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3The results of this grid search are as follow:
DEPTH STK DIP RAKE MW FIT WVFGRD96 2.0 90 45 -90 4.09 0.2494 WVFGRD96 4.0 305 55 -35 4.09 0.2544 WVFGRD96 6.0 145 60 30 4.15 0.2992 WVFGRD96 8.0 235 40 45 4.27 0.3301 WVFGRD96 10.0 230 40 40 4.31 0.3639 WVFGRD96 12.0 225 40 35 4.35 0.3789 WVFGRD96 14.0 220 45 25 4.37 0.3839 WVFGRD96 16.0 220 45 25 4.40 0.3834 WVFGRD96 18.0 220 50 20 4.42 0.3812 WVFGRD96 20.0 220 55 20 4.44 0.3827 WVFGRD96 22.0 225 55 20 4.47 0.3871 WVFGRD96 24.0 225 60 20 4.48 0.3976 WVFGRD96 26.0 225 60 20 4.51 0.4114 WVFGRD96 28.0 225 65 25 4.52 0.4272 WVFGRD96 30.0 230 60 30 4.55 0.4425 WVFGRD96 32.0 230 60 30 4.56 0.4533 WVFGRD96 34.0 235 60 35 4.58 0.4588 WVFGRD96 36.0 220 55 -25 4.61 0.4642 WVFGRD96 38.0 220 55 -25 4.64 0.4680 WVFGRD96 40.0 240 60 45 4.70 0.4882 WVFGRD96 42.0 240 55 40 4.73 0.4955 WVFGRD96 44.0 240 55 40 4.75 0.4990 WVFGRD96 46.0 240 55 40 4.77 0.5053 WVFGRD96 48.0 240 60 40 4.77 0.5103 WVFGRD96 50.0 265 45 80 4.84 0.5245 WVFGRD96 52.0 95 45 95 4.85 0.5384 WVFGRD96 54.0 265 50 80 4.85 0.5485 WVFGRD96 56.0 265 50 80 4.86 0.5639 WVFGRD96 58.0 260 50 75 4.86 0.5768 WVFGRD96 60.0 260 50 75 4.87 0.5886 WVFGRD96 62.0 270 55 80 4.88 0.6030 WVFGRD96 64.0 265 55 75 4.88 0.6167 WVFGRD96 66.0 265 55 75 4.89 0.6285 WVFGRD96 68.0 265 55 75 4.89 0.6395 WVFGRD96 70.0 260 60 70 4.89 0.6496 WVFGRD96 72.0 260 60 70 4.89 0.6590 WVFGRD96 74.0 260 60 70 4.89 0.6691 WVFGRD96 76.0 260 60 70 4.90 0.6792 WVFGRD96 78.0 260 60 70 4.90 0.6884 WVFGRD96 80.0 260 60 70 4.90 0.6955 WVFGRD96 82.0 260 60 70 4.90 0.7017 WVFGRD96 84.0 260 60 70 4.90 0.7071 WVFGRD96 86.0 260 60 70 4.91 0.7121 WVFGRD96 88.0 255 65 70 4.91 0.7166 WVFGRD96 90.0 255 65 70 4.91 0.7205 WVFGRD96 92.0 255 65 70 4.91 0.7244 WVFGRD96 94.0 255 65 65 4.92 0.7269 WVFGRD96 96.0 255 65 65 4.92 0.7277 WVFGRD96 98.0 255 65 65 4.92 0.7292 WVFGRD96 100.0 255 65 65 4.92 0.7291 WVFGRD96 102.0 255 65 65 4.93 0.7288 WVFGRD96 104.0 255 65 65 4.93 0.7276 WVFGRD96 106.0 255 65 65 4.93 0.7247 WVFGRD96 108.0 250 70 65 4.93 0.7243 WVFGRD96 110.0 250 70 65 4.93 0.7215 WVFGRD96 112.0 250 70 65 4.93 0.7203 WVFGRD96 114.0 250 70 65 4.93 0.7171 WVFGRD96 116.0 250 70 65 4.93 0.7152 WVFGRD96 118.0 250 70 65 4.94 0.7116
The best solution is
WVFGRD96 98.0 255 65 65 4.92 0.7292
The mechanism corresponding to the best fit is
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The best fit as a function of depth is given in the following figure:
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The comparison of the observed and predicted waveforms is given in the next figure. The red traces are the observed and the blue are the predicted. Each observed-predicted component is plotted to the same scale and peak amplitudes are indicated by the numbers to the left of each trace. A pair of numbers is given in black at the right of each predicted traces. The upper number it the time shift required for maximum correlation between the observed and predicted traces. This time shift is required because the synthetics are not computed at exactly the same distance as the observed, the velocity model used in the predictions may not be perfect and the epicentral parameters may be be off. A positive time shift indicates that the prediction is too fast and should be delayed to match the observed trace (shift to the right in this figure). A negative value indicates that the prediction is too slow. The lower number gives the percentage of variance reduction to characterize the individual goodness of fit (100% indicates a perfect fit).
The bandpass filter used in the processing and for the display was
cut o DIST/3.4 -30 o DIST/3.4 +70 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3
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Figure 3. Waveform comparison for selected depth. Red: observed; Blue - predicted. The time shift with respect to the model prediction is indicated. The percent of fit is also indicated. The time scale is relative to the first trace sample. |
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Focal mechanism sensitivity at the preferred depth. The red color indicates a very good fit to the waveforms. Each solution is plotted as a vector at a given value of strike and dip with the angle of the vector representing the rake angle, measured, with respect to the upward vertical (N) in the figure. |
A check on the assumed source location is possible by looking at the time shifts between the observed and predicted traces. The time shifts for waveform matching arise for several reasons:
Time_shift = A + B cos Azimuth + C Sin Azimuth
The time shifts for this inversion lead to the next figure:
The derived shift in origin time and epicentral coordinates are given at the bottom of the figure.
The WUS.model used for the waveform synthetic seismograms and for the surface wave eigenfunctions and dispersion is as follows (The format is in the model96 format of Computer Programs in Seismology).
MODEL.01 Model after 8 iterations ISOTROPIC KGS FLAT EARTH 1-D CONSTANT VELOCITY LINE08 LINE09 LINE10 LINE11 H(KM) VP(KM/S) VS(KM/S) RHO(GM/CC) QP QS ETAP ETAS FREFP FREFS 1.9000 3.4065 2.0089 2.2150 0.302E-02 0.679E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 6.1000 5.5445 3.2953 2.6089 0.349E-02 0.784E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 13.0000 6.2708 3.7396 2.7812 0.212E-02 0.476E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 19.0000 6.4075 3.7680 2.8223 0.111E-02 0.249E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.0000 7.9000 4.6200 3.2760 0.164E-10 0.370E-10 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00