The ANSS event ID is us10008r4v and the event page is at https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us10008r4v/executive.
2017/05/10 15:14:26 65.030 -134.219 12.5 4.4 Yukon, Canada
USGS/SLU Moment Tensor Solution ENS 2017/05/10 15:14:26:0 65.03 -134.22 12.5 4.4 Yukon, Canada Stations used: AK.BAL AK.BARN AK.BCP AK.CCB AK.CTG AK.DOT AK.FYU AK.GLB AK.HDA AK.KIAG AK.LOGN AK.MCAR AK.MDM AK.PAX AK.PIN AK.PNL AK.PPD AK.PTPK AK.RIDG AK.SAMH AK.SCRK AK.VRDI AK.WRH AT.MENT AT.SKAG CN.DAWY CN.HYT CN.INK CN.PLBC CN.YUK2 CN.YUK3 CN.YUK4 CN.YUK5 CN.YUK6 CN.YUK7 CN.YUK8 IM.IL31 IU.COLA NY.MAYO NY.MMPY NY.WGLY TA.C36M TA.E27K TA.EPYK TA.F31M TA.G24K TA.G26K TA.G27K TA.G30M TA.H24K TA.H25L TA.H27K TA.HARP TA.I27K TA.I29M TA.J25K TA.J26L TA.J29M TA.K24K TA.K29M TA.L26K TA.L27K TA.L29M TA.M26K TA.M27K TA.M29M TA.M30M TA.M31M TA.N25K TA.N30M TA.N31M TA.O28M TA.O29M TA.O30N TA.P29M TA.P30M TA.P32M TA.P33M TA.POKR TA.R33M US.EGAK Filtering commands used: cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +60 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3 Best Fitting Double Couple Mo = 4.52e+22 dyne-cm Mw = 4.37 Z = 12 km Plane Strike Dip Rake NP1 275 65 70 NP2 136 32 126 Principal Axes: Axis Value Plunge Azimuth T 4.52e+22 64 151 N 0.00e+00 18 284 P -4.52e+22 18 20 Moment Tensor: (dyne-cm) Component Value Mxx -2.98e+22 Mxy -1.66e+22 Mxz -2.78e+22 Myy -2.68e+21 Myz 4.13e+21 Mzz 3.25e+22 -------------- --------------- ---- ------------------ P ------- ------------------- -------- #--------------------------------- ##---------------------------------- ##------------------------------------ ###------------###---------------------- ###--#########################---------- ##--###############################------- -----##################################--- -----####################################- ------#################################### ------################ ############### -------############### T ############### -------############## ############## --------############################ ---------######################### ----------#################### -------------##############- ---------------------- -------------- Global CMT Convention Moment Tensor: R T P 3.25e+22 -2.78e+22 -4.13e+21 -2.78e+22 -2.98e+22 1.66e+22 -4.13e+21 1.66e+22 -2.68e+21 Details of the solution is found at http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/20170510151426/index.html |
STK = 275 DIP = 65 RAKE = 70 MW = 4.37 HS = 12.0
The NDK file is 20170510151426.ndk The waveform inversion is preferred.
The following compares this source inversion to those provided by others. The purpose is to look for major differences and also to note slight differences that might be inherent to the processing procedure. For completeness the USGS/SLU solution is repeated from above.
USGS/SLU Moment Tensor Solution ENS 2017/05/10 15:14:26:0 65.03 -134.22 12.5 4.4 Yukon, Canada Stations used: AK.BAL AK.BARN AK.BCP AK.CCB AK.CTG AK.DOT AK.FYU AK.GLB AK.HDA AK.KIAG AK.LOGN AK.MCAR AK.MDM AK.PAX AK.PIN AK.PNL AK.PPD AK.PTPK AK.RIDG AK.SAMH AK.SCRK AK.VRDI AK.WRH AT.MENT AT.SKAG CN.DAWY CN.HYT CN.INK CN.PLBC CN.YUK2 CN.YUK3 CN.YUK4 CN.YUK5 CN.YUK6 CN.YUK7 CN.YUK8 IM.IL31 IU.COLA NY.MAYO NY.MMPY NY.WGLY TA.C36M TA.E27K TA.EPYK TA.F31M TA.G24K TA.G26K TA.G27K TA.G30M TA.H24K TA.H25L TA.H27K TA.HARP TA.I27K TA.I29M TA.J25K TA.J26L TA.J29M TA.K24K TA.K29M TA.L26K TA.L27K TA.L29M TA.M26K TA.M27K TA.M29M TA.M30M TA.M31M TA.N25K TA.N30M TA.N31M TA.O28M TA.O29M TA.O30N TA.P29M TA.P30M TA.P32M TA.P33M TA.POKR TA.R33M US.EGAK Filtering commands used: cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +60 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3 Best Fitting Double Couple Mo = 4.52e+22 dyne-cm Mw = 4.37 Z = 12 km Plane Strike Dip Rake NP1 275 65 70 NP2 136 32 126 Principal Axes: Axis Value Plunge Azimuth T 4.52e+22 64 151 N 0.00e+00 18 284 P -4.52e+22 18 20 Moment Tensor: (dyne-cm) Component Value Mxx -2.98e+22 Mxy -1.66e+22 Mxz -2.78e+22 Myy -2.68e+21 Myz 4.13e+21 Mzz 3.25e+22 -------------- --------------- ---- ------------------ P ------- ------------------- -------- #--------------------------------- ##---------------------------------- ##------------------------------------ ###------------###---------------------- ###--#########################---------- ##--###############################------- -----##################################--- -----####################################- ------#################################### ------################ ############### -------############### T ############### -------############## ############## --------############################ ---------######################### ----------#################### -------------##############- ---------------------- -------------- Global CMT Convention Moment Tensor: R T P 3.25e+22 -2.78e+22 -4.13e+21 -2.78e+22 -2.98e+22 1.66e+22 -4.13e+21 1.66e+22 -2.68e+21 Details of the solution is found at http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/20170510151426/index.html |
Regional Moment Tensor (Mwr) Moment 4.222e+15 N-m Magnitude 4.4 Mwr Depth 16.0 km Percent DC 87 % Half Duration – Catalog AK Data Source US2 Contributor US2 Nodal Planes Plane Strike Dip Rake NP1 256 58 37 NP2 144 60 142 Principal Axes Axis Value Plunge Azimuth T 4.074e+15 N-m 47 109 N 0.284e+15 N-m 43 291 P -4.357e+15 N-m 1 200 |
Given the availability of digital waveforms for determination of the moment tensor, this section documents the added processing leading to mLg, if appropriate to the region, and ML by application of the respective IASPEI formulae. As a research study, the linear distance term of the IASPEI formula for ML is adjusted to remove a linear distance trend in residuals to give a regionally defined ML. The defined ML uses horizontal component recordings, but the same procedure is applied to the vertical components since there may be some interest in vertical component ground motions. Residual plots versus distance may indicate interesting features of ground motion scaling in some distance ranges. A residual plot of the regionalized magnitude is given as a function of distance and azimuth, since data sets may transcend different wave propagation provinces.
Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Horizontal components. Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.
Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Vertical components (research). Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.
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The focal mechanism was determined using broadband seismic waveforms. The location of the event (star) and the stations used for (red) the waveform inversion are shown in the next figure.
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The program wvfgrd96 was used with good traces observed at short distance to determine the focal mechanism, depth and seismic moment. This technique requires a high quality signal and well determined velocity model for the Green's functions. To the extent that these are the quality data, this type of mechanism should be preferred over the radiation pattern technique which requires the separate step of defining the pressure and tension quadrants and the correct strike.
The observed and predicted traces are filtered using the following gsac commands:
cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +60 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3The results of this grid search are as follow:
DEPTH STK DIP RAKE MW FIT WVFGRD96 1.0 115 55 95 4.24 0.5534 WVFGRD96 2.0 290 30 90 4.34 0.5349 WVFGRD96 3.0 60 45 -20 4.28 0.5191 WVFGRD96 4.0 60 45 -20 4.28 0.5475 WVFGRD96 5.0 55 45 -25 4.29 0.5761 WVFGRD96 6.0 55 50 -30 4.30 0.6054 WVFGRD96 7.0 55 55 -35 4.32 0.6303 WVFGRD96 8.0 55 55 -35 4.32 0.6502 WVFGRD96 9.0 55 55 -35 4.33 0.6649 WVFGRD96 10.0 275 65 70 4.36 0.6654 WVFGRD96 11.0 55 55 -35 4.37 0.6709 WVFGRD96 12.0 275 65 70 4.37 0.6720 WVFGRD96 13.0 270 65 65 4.38 0.6699 WVFGRD96 14.0 270 70 60 4.38 0.6660 WVFGRD96 15.0 270 70 60 4.39 0.6588 WVFGRD96 16.0 265 70 55 4.41 0.6498 WVFGRD96 17.0 265 70 55 4.41 0.6387 WVFGRD96 18.0 265 70 55 4.42 0.6249 WVFGRD96 19.0 265 70 55 4.43 0.6098 WVFGRD96 20.0 265 70 60 4.46 0.5962 WVFGRD96 21.0 265 70 55 4.47 0.5783 WVFGRD96 22.0 265 70 55 4.47 0.5596 WVFGRD96 23.0 265 70 55 4.48 0.5401 WVFGRD96 24.0 260 75 55 4.48 0.5202 WVFGRD96 25.0 260 75 55 4.49 0.5001 WVFGRD96 26.0 260 75 55 4.50 0.4799 WVFGRD96 27.0 260 75 55 4.50 0.4600 WVFGRD96 28.0 260 75 55 4.50 0.4403 WVFGRD96 29.0 260 75 55 4.51 0.4209
The best solution is
WVFGRD96 12.0 275 65 70 4.37 0.6720
The mechanism corresponding to the best fit is
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The best fit as a function of depth is given in the following figure:
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The comparison of the observed and predicted waveforms is given in the next figure. The red traces are the observed and the blue are the predicted. Each observed-predicted component is plotted to the same scale and peak amplitudes are indicated by the numbers to the left of each trace. A pair of numbers is given in black at the right of each predicted traces. The upper number it the time shift required for maximum correlation between the observed and predicted traces. This time shift is required because the synthetics are not computed at exactly the same distance as the observed, the velocity model used in the predictions may not be perfect and the epicentral parameters may be be off. A positive time shift indicates that the prediction is too fast and should be delayed to match the observed trace (shift to the right in this figure). A negative value indicates that the prediction is too slow. The lower number gives the percentage of variance reduction to characterize the individual goodness of fit (100% indicates a perfect fit).
The bandpass filter used in the processing and for the display was
cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +60 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3
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Figure 3. Waveform comparison for selected depth. Red: observed; Blue - predicted. The time shift with respect to the model prediction is indicated. The percent of fit is also indicated. The time scale is relative to the first trace sample. |
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Focal mechanism sensitivity at the preferred depth. The red color indicates a very good fit to the waveforms. Each solution is plotted as a vector at a given value of strike and dip with the angle of the vector representing the rake angle, measured, with respect to the upward vertical (N) in the figure. |
A check on the assumed source location is possible by looking at the time shifts between the observed and predicted traces. The time shifts for waveform matching arise for several reasons:
Time_shift = A + B cos Azimuth + C Sin Azimuth
The time shifts for this inversion lead to the next figure:
The derived shift in origin time and epicentral coordinates are given at the bottom of the figure.
The WUS.model used for the waveform synthetic seismograms and for the surface wave eigenfunctions and dispersion is as follows (The format is in the model96 format of Computer Programs in Seismology).
MODEL.01 Model after 8 iterations ISOTROPIC KGS FLAT EARTH 1-D CONSTANT VELOCITY LINE08 LINE09 LINE10 LINE11 H(KM) VP(KM/S) VS(KM/S) RHO(GM/CC) QP QS ETAP ETAS FREFP FREFS 1.9000 3.4065 2.0089 2.2150 0.302E-02 0.679E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 6.1000 5.5445 3.2953 2.6089 0.349E-02 0.784E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 13.0000 6.2708 3.7396 2.7812 0.212E-02 0.476E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 19.0000 6.4075 3.7680 2.8223 0.111E-02 0.249E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.0000 7.9000 4.6200 3.2760 0.164E-10 0.370E-10 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00