The ANSS event ID is uu50407440 and the event page is at https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/uu50407440/executive.
2010/04/14 18:58:45 38.020 -111.103 13.2 3.92 Utah
USGS/SLU Moment Tensor Solution ENS 2010/04/14 18:58:45:0 38.02 -111.10 13.2 3.9 Utah Stations used: AE.X16A CI.PDM CI.SHO LB.MVU TA.M22A TA.N20A TA.N22A TA.N23A TA.O20A TA.O22A TA.O23A TA.P22A TA.P23A TA.Q23A TA.R11A TA.R23A TA.S22A TA.S23A TA.S24A TA.U15A TA.W13A TA.W18A TA.X18A TA.Z14A US.DUG US.MVCO US.SDCO US.WUAZ UU.BGU UU.CCUT UU.HVU UU.LCMT UU.MTPU UU.NLU UU.PKCU UU.PNSU UU.RDMU UU.SRU UU.TCRU UU.TCU UU.ZNPU Y7.AV01 Filtering commands used: cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +50 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3 br c 0.12 0.25 n 4 p 2 Best Fitting Double Couple Mo = 6.76e+21 dyne-cm Mw = 3.82 Z = 15 km Plane Strike Dip Rake NP1 210 60 -75 NP2 2 33 -114 Principal Axes: Axis Value Plunge Azimuth T 6.76e+21 14 289 N 0.00e+00 13 22 P -6.76e+21 71 154 Moment Tensor: (dyne-cm) Component Value Mxx 1.02e+20 Mxy -1.69e+21 Mxz 2.39e+21 Myy 5.55e+21 Myz -2.39e+21 Mzz -5.66e+21 ###########--- #################---## ###################---###### #################--------##### #################-----------###### ################--------------###### ############-----------------###### # T ###########------------------####### # ##########--------------------###### ##############---------------------####### #############----------------------####### ############-----------------------####### ###########----------- ----------####### ##########----------- P ---------####### #########------------ ---------####### ########-----------------------####### #######-----------------------###### ######----------------------###### ####--------------------###### ###-------------------###### -----------------##### ----------#### Global CMT Convention Moment Tensor: R T P -5.66e+21 2.39e+21 2.39e+21 2.39e+21 1.02e+20 1.69e+21 2.39e+21 1.69e+21 5.55e+21 Details of the solution is found at http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/20100414185845/index.html |
STK = 210 DIP = 60 RAKE = -75 MW = 3.82 HS = 15.0
The NDK file is 20100414185845.ndk The waveform inversion is preferred.
Given the availability of digital waveforms for determination of the moment tensor, this section documents the added processing leading to mLg, if appropriate to the region, and ML by application of the respective IASPEI formulae. As a research study, the linear distance term of the IASPEI formula for ML is adjusted to remove a linear distance trend in residuals to give a regionally defined ML. The defined ML uses horizontal component recordings, but the same procedure is applied to the vertical components since there may be some interest in vertical component ground motions. Residual plots versus distance may indicate interesting features of ground motion scaling in some distance ranges. A residual plot of the regionalized magnitude is given as a function of distance and azimuth, since data sets may transcend different wave propagation provinces.
Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Horizontal components. Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.
Left: ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Vertical components (research). Center: ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
Right: Residuals from new relation as a function of distance and azimuth.
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The focal mechanism was determined using broadband seismic waveforms. The location of the event (star) and the stations used for (red) the waveform inversion are shown in the next figure.
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The program wvfgrd96 was used with good traces observed at short distance to determine the focal mechanism, depth and seismic moment. This technique requires a high quality signal and well determined velocity model for the Green's functions. To the extent that these are the quality data, this type of mechanism should be preferred over the radiation pattern technique which requires the separate step of defining the pressure and tension quadrants and the correct strike.
The observed and predicted traces are filtered using the following gsac commands:
cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +50 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3 br c 0.12 0.25 n 4 p 2The results of this grid search are as follow:
DEPTH STK DIP RAKE MW FIT WVFGRD96 1.0 15 45 90 3.46 0.3654 WVFGRD96 2.0 195 45 90 3.62 0.5013 WVFGRD96 3.0 155 80 25 3.66 0.4205 WVFGRD96 4.0 335 90 -40 3.70 0.4136 WVFGRD96 5.0 185 75 70 3.70 0.4902 WVFGRD96 6.0 190 75 75 3.70 0.5435 WVFGRD96 7.0 45 20 95 3.73 0.5754 WVFGRD96 8.0 45 20 100 3.79 0.5913 WVFGRD96 9.0 40 20 90 3.79 0.6008 WVFGRD96 10.0 205 65 -85 3.79 0.6068 WVFGRD96 11.0 10 30 -105 3.81 0.6231 WVFGRD96 12.0 205 60 -85 3.80 0.6361 WVFGRD96 13.0 210 60 -75 3.81 0.6432 WVFGRD96 14.0 210 60 -75 3.81 0.6492 WVFGRD96 15.0 210 60 -75 3.82 0.6514 WVFGRD96 16.0 210 60 -75 3.82 0.6508 WVFGRD96 17.0 210 60 -75 3.83 0.6482 WVFGRD96 18.0 215 60 -70 3.84 0.6446 WVFGRD96 19.0 205 55 -85 3.84 0.6395 WVFGRD96 20.0 210 55 -75 3.85 0.6324 WVFGRD96 21.0 205 55 -85 3.86 0.6235 WVFGRD96 22.0 205 55 -85 3.86 0.6117 WVFGRD96 23.0 15 35 -100 3.87 0.5990 WVFGRD96 24.0 30 35 -80 3.87 0.5847 WVFGRD96 25.0 25 35 -85 3.88 0.5689 WVFGRD96 26.0 40 40 -70 3.89 0.5530 WVFGRD96 27.0 35 40 -75 3.89 0.5375 WVFGRD96 28.0 35 40 -75 3.89 0.5228 WVFGRD96 29.0 45 45 -85 3.90 0.5091
The best solution is
WVFGRD96 15.0 210 60 -75 3.82 0.6514
The mechanism corresponding to the best fit is
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The best fit as a function of depth is given in the following figure:
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The comparison of the observed and predicted waveforms is given in the next figure. The red traces are the observed and the blue are the predicted. Each observed-predicted component is plotted to the same scale and peak amplitudes are indicated by the numbers to the left of each trace. A pair of numbers is given in black at the right of each predicted traces. The upper number it the time shift required for maximum correlation between the observed and predicted traces. This time shift is required because the synthetics are not computed at exactly the same distance as the observed, the velocity model used in the predictions may not be perfect and the epicentral parameters may be be off. A positive time shift indicates that the prediction is too fast and should be delayed to match the observed trace (shift to the right in this figure). A negative value indicates that the prediction is too slow. The lower number gives the percentage of variance reduction to characterize the individual goodness of fit (100% indicates a perfect fit).
The bandpass filter used in the processing and for the display was
cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +50 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.10 n 3 br c 0.12 0.25 n 4 p 2
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Figure 3. Waveform comparison for selected depth. Red: observed; Blue - predicted. The time shift with respect to the model prediction is indicated. The percent of fit is also indicated. The time scale is relative to the first trace sample. |
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Focal mechanism sensitivity at the preferred depth. The red color indicates a very good fit to the waveforms. Each solution is plotted as a vector at a given value of strike and dip with the angle of the vector representing the rake angle, measured, with respect to the upward vertical (N) in the figure. |
A check on the assumed source location is possible by looking at the time shifts between the observed and predicted traces. The time shifts for waveform matching arise for several reasons:
Time_shift = A + B cos Azimuth + C Sin Azimuth
The time shifts for this inversion lead to the next figure:
The derived shift in origin time and epicentral coordinates are given at the bottom of the figure.
The WUS.model used for the waveform synthetic seismograms and for the surface wave eigenfunctions and dispersion is as follows (The format is in the model96 format of Computer Programs in Seismology).
MODEL.01 Model after 8 iterations ISOTROPIC KGS FLAT EARTH 1-D CONSTANT VELOCITY LINE08 LINE09 LINE10 LINE11 H(KM) VP(KM/S) VS(KM/S) RHO(GM/CC) QP QS ETAP ETAS FREFP FREFS 1.9000 3.4065 2.0089 2.2150 0.302E-02 0.679E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 6.1000 5.5445 3.2953 2.6089 0.349E-02 0.784E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 13.0000 6.2708 3.7396 2.7812 0.212E-02 0.476E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 19.0000 6.4075 3.7680 2.8223 0.111E-02 0.249E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.0000 7.9000 4.6200 3.2760 0.164E-10 0.370E-10 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00