USGS/SLU Moment Tensor Solution ENS 2019/09/05 22:34:03:0 68.98 -147.77 4.3 3.5 Alaska Stations used: AK.BPAW AK.CCB AK.COLD AK.FYU AK.GCSA AK.KTH AK.MCK AK.MLY AK.NEA2 AK.PPD AK.RIDG AK.WRH CN.DAWY CN.INK IM.IL31 IU.COLA TA.C26K TA.C27K TA.D23K TA.D24K TA.D25K TA.E21K TA.E23K TA.E24K TA.E25K TA.E27K TA.E29M TA.F20K TA.F24K TA.F25K TA.F26K TA.F28M TA.G21K TA.G23K TA.G24K TA.G25K TA.G27K TA.H22K TA.H23K TA.H24K TA.TOLK XV.F6TP XV.F8KN XV.FAPT XV.FPAP XV.FTGH Filtering commands used: cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +60 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.08 n 3 Best Fitting Double Couple Mo = 2.85e+21 dyne-cm Mw = 3.57 Z = 10 km Plane Strike Dip Rake NP1 40 85 25 NP2 308 65 174 Principal Axes: Axis Value Plunge Azimuth T 2.85e+21 21 267 N 0.00e+00 65 51 P -2.85e+21 14 171 Moment Tensor: (dyne-cm) Component Value Mxx -2.62e+21 Mxy 5.50e+20 Mxz 5.90e+20 Myy 2.41e+21 Myz -1.05e+21 Mzz 2.09e+20 -------------- ---------------------- ---------------------------# ---------------------------### #######---------------------###### #############---------------######## ##################---------########### ######################-----############# ########################-############### #########################---############## ### #################------############# ### T ################---------########### ### ##############-------------######### ##################---------------####### ################------------------###### #############---------------------#### ###########-----------------------## ########-------------------------# ####-------------------------- #-------------- ---------- ------------ P ------- -------- --- Global CMT Convention Moment Tensor: R T P 2.09e+20 5.90e+20 1.05e+21 5.90e+20 -2.62e+21 -5.50e+20 1.05e+21 -5.50e+20 2.41e+21 Details of the solution is found at http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/20190905223403/index.html |
STK = 40 DIP = 85 RAKE = 25 MW = 3.57 HS = 10.0
The NDK file is 20190905223403.ndk The waveform inversion is preferred.
The following compares this source inversion to others
USGS/SLU Moment Tensor Solution ENS 2019/09/05 22:34:03:0 68.98 -147.77 4.3 3.5 Alaska Stations used: AK.BPAW AK.CCB AK.COLD AK.FYU AK.GCSA AK.KTH AK.MCK AK.MLY AK.NEA2 AK.PPD AK.RIDG AK.WRH CN.DAWY CN.INK IM.IL31 IU.COLA TA.C26K TA.C27K TA.D23K TA.D24K TA.D25K TA.E21K TA.E23K TA.E24K TA.E25K TA.E27K TA.E29M TA.F20K TA.F24K TA.F25K TA.F26K TA.F28M TA.G21K TA.G23K TA.G24K TA.G25K TA.G27K TA.H22K TA.H23K TA.H24K TA.TOLK XV.F6TP XV.F8KN XV.FAPT XV.FPAP XV.FTGH Filtering commands used: cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +60 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.08 n 3 Best Fitting Double Couple Mo = 2.85e+21 dyne-cm Mw = 3.57 Z = 10 km Plane Strike Dip Rake NP1 40 85 25 NP2 308 65 174 Principal Axes: Axis Value Plunge Azimuth T 2.85e+21 21 267 N 0.00e+00 65 51 P -2.85e+21 14 171 Moment Tensor: (dyne-cm) Component Value Mxx -2.62e+21 Mxy 5.50e+20 Mxz 5.90e+20 Myy 2.41e+21 Myz -1.05e+21 Mzz 2.09e+20 -------------- ---------------------- ---------------------------# ---------------------------### #######---------------------###### #############---------------######## ##################---------########### ######################-----############# ########################-############### #########################---############## ### #################------############# ### T ################---------########### ### ##############-------------######### ##################---------------####### ################------------------###### #############---------------------#### ###########-----------------------## ########-------------------------# ####-------------------------- #-------------- ---------- ------------ P ------- -------- --- Global CMT Convention Moment Tensor: R T P 2.09e+20 5.90e+20 1.05e+21 5.90e+20 -2.62e+21 -5.50e+20 1.05e+21 -5.50e+20 2.41e+21 Details of the solution is found at http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/20190905223403/index.html |
(a) mLg computed using the IASPEI formula; (b) mLg residuals ; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated.
(a) ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Horizontal components; (b) ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
(a) ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Vertical components (research); (b) ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.
The focal mechanism was determined using broadband seismic waveforms. The location of the event and the and stations used for the waveform inversion are shown in the next figure.
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The program wvfgrd96 was used with good traces observed at short distance to determine the focal mechanism, depth and seismic moment. This technique requires a high quality signal and well determined velocity model for the Green functions. To the extent that these are the quality data, this type of mechanism should be preferred over the radiation pattern technique which requires the separate step of defining the pressure and tension quadrants and the correct strike.
The observed and predicted traces are filtered using the following gsac commands:
cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +60 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.08 n 3The results of this grid search from 0.5 to 19 km depth are as follow:
DEPTH STK DIP RAKE MW FIT WVFGRD96 1.0 35 75 -20 3.18 0.3026 WVFGRD96 2.0 35 70 -15 3.31 0.4035 WVFGRD96 3.0 40 70 5 3.36 0.4413 WVFGRD96 4.0 40 70 5 3.40 0.4689 WVFGRD96 5.0 40 75 10 3.43 0.4872 WVFGRD96 6.0 40 75 5 3.46 0.4996 WVFGRD96 7.0 40 75 5 3.48 0.5085 WVFGRD96 8.0 40 85 25 3.53 0.5138 WVFGRD96 9.0 40 85 25 3.55 0.5177 WVFGRD96 10.0 40 85 25 3.57 0.5180 WVFGRD96 11.0 40 85 25 3.58 0.5152 WVFGRD96 12.0 40 85 25 3.60 0.5097 WVFGRD96 13.0 40 85 20 3.61 0.5023 WVFGRD96 14.0 40 85 20 3.62 0.4933 WVFGRD96 15.0 40 85 20 3.63 0.4831 WVFGRD96 16.0 40 85 20 3.64 0.4723 WVFGRD96 17.0 40 85 20 3.65 0.4607 WVFGRD96 18.0 40 80 20 3.66 0.4491 WVFGRD96 19.0 40 80 20 3.66 0.4372 WVFGRD96 20.0 220 80 -25 3.67 0.4262 WVFGRD96 21.0 220 80 -25 3.68 0.4166 WVFGRD96 22.0 220 80 -25 3.68 0.4074 WVFGRD96 23.0 220 80 -25 3.69 0.4001 WVFGRD96 24.0 215 70 -20 3.69 0.3938 WVFGRD96 25.0 215 70 -25 3.69 0.3883 WVFGRD96 26.0 215 70 -25 3.70 0.3832 WVFGRD96 27.0 220 75 -25 3.71 0.3775 WVFGRD96 28.0 215 70 -20 3.70 0.3714 WVFGRD96 29.0 220 70 -20 3.71 0.3670
The best solution is
WVFGRD96 10.0 40 85 25 3.57 0.5180
The mechanism correspond to the best fit is
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The best fit as a function of depth is given in the following figure:
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The comparison of the observed and predicted waveforms is given in the next figure. The red traces are the observed and the blue are the predicted. Each observed-predicted component is plotted to the same scale and peak amplitudes are indicated by the numbers to the left of each trace. A pair of numbers is given in black at the right of each predicted traces. The upper number it the time shift required for maximum correlation between the observed and predicted traces. This time shift is required because the synthetics are not computed at exactly the same distance as the observed and because the velocity model used in the predictions may not be perfect. A positive time shift indicates that the prediction is too fast and should be delayed to match the observed trace (shift to the right in this figure). A negative value indicates that the prediction is too slow. The lower number gives the percentage of variance reduction to characterize the individual goodness of fit (100% indicates a perfect fit).
The bandpass filter used in the processing and for the display was
cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +60 rtr taper w 0.1 hp c 0.03 n 3 lp c 0.08 n 3
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Focal mechanism sensitivity at the preferred depth. The red color indicates a very good fit to thewavefroms. Each solution is plotted as a vector at a given value of strike and dip with the angle of the vector representing the rake angle, measured, with respect to the upward vertical (N) in the figure. |
A check on the assumed source location is possible by looking at the time shifts between the observed and predicted traces. The time shifts for waveform matching arise for several reasons:
Time_shift = A + B cos Azimuth + C Sin Azimuth
The time shifts for this inversion lead to the next figure:
The derived shift in origin time and epicentral coordinates are given at the bottom of the figure.
Thanks also to the many seismic network operators whose dedication make this effort possible: University of Nevada Reno, University of Alaska, University of Washington, Oregon State University, University of Utah, Montana Bureau of Mines, UC Berkely, Caltech, UC San Diego, Saint Louis University, University of Memphis, Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, the Oklahoma Geological Survey, TexNet, the Iris stations, the Transportable Array of EarthScope and other networks.
The WUS.model used for the waveform synthetic seismograms and for the surface wave eigenfunctions and dispersion is as follows:
MODEL.01 Model after 8 iterations ISOTROPIC KGS FLAT EARTH 1-D CONSTANT VELOCITY LINE08 LINE09 LINE10 LINE11 H(KM) VP(KM/S) VS(KM/S) RHO(GM/CC) QP QS ETAP ETAS FREFP FREFS 1.9000 3.4065 2.0089 2.2150 0.302E-02 0.679E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 6.1000 5.5445 3.2953 2.6089 0.349E-02 0.784E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 13.0000 6.2708 3.7396 2.7812 0.212E-02 0.476E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 19.0000 6.4075 3.7680 2.8223 0.111E-02 0.249E-02 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.0000 7.9000 4.6200 3.2760 0.164E-10 0.370E-10 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.00
Here we tabulate the reasons for not using certain digital data sets
The following stations did not have a valid response files: