Location

Location ANSS

2017/07/14 13:47:35 35.869 -96.697 9.3 4.2 Oklahoma

Focal Mechanism

 USGS/SLU Moment Tensor Solution
 ENS  2017/07/14 13:47:35:0  35.87  -96.70   9.3 4.2 Oklahoma
 
 Stations used:
   AG.FCAR AG.WHAR AG.WLAR AG.X40A GM.IWM01 GS.KAN01 GS.KAN06 
   GS.KAN08 GS.KAN10 GS.KAN12 GS.KAN13 GS.KAN14 GS.KS20 
   GS.KS21 GS.OK029 GS.OK031 GS.OK032 GS.OK033 GS.OK035 
   GS.OK038 GS.OK048 GS.OK051 GS.OK052 N4.R32B N4.S39B N4.U38B 
   N4.Z35B OK.CHOK OK.CROK OK.CSTR OK.DEOK OK.FNO OK.HTCH 
   OK.LOOK OK.MOOR OK.QUOK OK.SWND OK.U32A OK.W35A OK.X37A 
   TA.WHTX TX.FW03 TX.FW06 TX.FW07 TX.FW13 TX.FW14 TX.WTFS 
   US.CBKS US.KSU1 US.MIAR 
 
 Filtering commands used:
   cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +40
   rtr
   taper w 0.1
   hp c 0.03 n 3 
   lp c 0.10 n 3 
 
 Best Fitting Double Couple
  Mo = 1.60e+22 dyne-cm
  Mw = 4.07 
  Z  = 4 km
  Plane   Strike  Dip  Rake
   NP1      245    85   -175
   NP2      155    85    -5
  Principal Axes:
   Axis    Value   Plunge  Azimuth
    T   1.60e+22      0      20
    N   0.00e+00     83     290
    P  -1.60e+22      7     110

 Moment Tensor: (dyne-cm)
    Component   Value
       Mxx     1.22e+22
       Mxy     1.03e+22
       Mxz     6.80e+20
       Myy    -1.20e+22
       Myz    -1.84e+21
       Mzz    -2.43e+20
                                                     
                                                     
                                                     
                                                     
                     ############ T                  
                 ---#############   ###              
              ------######################           
             --------######################          
           ----------########################        
          ------------########################       
         --------------#######################-      
        ----------------################--------     
        -----------------##########-------------     
       ------------------######------------------    
       -------------------#----------------------    
       ----------------####----------------------    
       ------------#########---------------------    
        --------#############----------------        
        -----#################--------------- P      
         -#####################--------------        
          ######################--------------       
           ######################------------        
             #####################---------          
              #####################-------           
                 ###################---              
                     ##############                  
                                                     
                                                     
                                                     
 Global CMT Convention Moment Tensor:
      R          T          P
 -2.43e+20   6.80e+20   1.84e+21 
  6.80e+20   1.22e+22  -1.03e+22 
  1.84e+21  -1.03e+22  -1.20e+22 


Details of the solution is found at

http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/20170714134735/index.html
        

Preferred Solution

The preferred solution from an analysis of the surface-wave spectral amplitude radiation pattern, waveform inversion and first motion observations is

      STK = 155
      DIP = 85
     RAKE = -5
       MW = 4.07
       HS = 4.0

The NDK file is 20170714134735.ndk The waveform inversion is preferred.

Moment Tensor Comparison

The following compares this source inversion to others
SLU
USGSMWR
 USGS/SLU Moment Tensor Solution
 ENS  2017/07/14 13:47:35:0  35.87  -96.70   9.3 4.2 Oklahoma
 
 Stations used:
   AG.FCAR AG.WHAR AG.WLAR AG.X40A GM.IWM01 GS.KAN01 GS.KAN06 
   GS.KAN08 GS.KAN10 GS.KAN12 GS.KAN13 GS.KAN14 GS.KS20 
   GS.KS21 GS.OK029 GS.OK031 GS.OK032 GS.OK033 GS.OK035 
   GS.OK038 GS.OK048 GS.OK051 GS.OK052 N4.R32B N4.S39B N4.U38B 
   N4.Z35B OK.CHOK OK.CROK OK.CSTR OK.DEOK OK.FNO OK.HTCH 
   OK.LOOK OK.MOOR OK.QUOK OK.SWND OK.U32A OK.W35A OK.X37A 
   TA.WHTX TX.FW03 TX.FW06 TX.FW07 TX.FW13 TX.FW14 TX.WTFS 
   US.CBKS US.KSU1 US.MIAR 
 
 Filtering commands used:
   cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +40
   rtr
   taper w 0.1
   hp c 0.03 n 3 
   lp c 0.10 n 3 
 
 Best Fitting Double Couple
  Mo = 1.60e+22 dyne-cm
  Mw = 4.07 
  Z  = 4 km
  Plane   Strike  Dip  Rake
   NP1      245    85   -175
   NP2      155    85    -5
  Principal Axes:
   Axis    Value   Plunge  Azimuth
    T   1.60e+22      0      20
    N   0.00e+00     83     290
    P  -1.60e+22      7     110

 Moment Tensor: (dyne-cm)
    Component   Value
       Mxx     1.22e+22
       Mxy     1.03e+22
       Mxz     6.80e+20
       Myy    -1.20e+22
       Myz    -1.84e+21
       Mzz    -2.43e+20
                                                     
                                                     
                                                     
                                                     
                     ############ T                  
                 ---#############   ###              
              ------######################           
             --------######################          
           ----------########################        
          ------------########################       
         --------------#######################-      
        ----------------################--------     
        -----------------##########-------------     
       ------------------######------------------    
       -------------------#----------------------    
       ----------------####----------------------    
       ------------#########---------------------    
        --------#############----------------        
        -----#################--------------- P      
         -#####################--------------        
          ######################--------------       
           ######################------------        
             #####################---------          
              #####################-------           
                 ###################---              
                     ##############                  
                                                     
                                                     
                                                     
 Global CMT Convention Moment Tensor:
      R          T          P
 -2.43e+20   6.80e+20   1.84e+21 
  6.80e+20   1.22e+22  -1.03e+22 
  1.84e+21  -1.03e+22  -1.20e+22 


Details of the solution is found at

http://www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/20170714134735/index.html
	
egional Moment Tensor (Mwr)
Moment	2.285e+15 N-m
Magnitude	4.2 Mwr
Depth	7.0 km
Percent DC	80 %
Half Duration	–
Catalog	US
Data Source	US1
Contributor	US1
Nodal Planes
Plane	Strike	Dip	Rake
NP1	252	69	-167
NP2	158	78	-21
Principal Axes
Axis	Value	Plunge	Azimuth
T	2.395e+15 N-m	6	206
N	-0.237e+15 N-m	66	310
P	-2.158e+15 N-m	23	113

        

Magnitudes

mLg Magnitude


(a) mLg computed using the IASPEI formula; (b) mLg residuals ; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated.

ML Magnitude


(a) ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Horizontal components; (b) ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.


(a) ML computed using the IASPEI formula for Vertical components (research); (b) ML residuals computed using a modified IASPEI formula that accounts for path specific attenuation; the values used for the trimmed mean are indicated. The ML relation used for each figure is given at the bottom of each plot.

Context

The next figure presents the focal mechanism for this earthquake (red) in the context of other events (blue) in the SLU Moment Tensor Catalog which are within ± 0.5 degrees of the new event. This comparison is shown in the left panel of the figure. The right panel shows the inferred direction of maximum compressive stress and the type of faulting (green is strike-slip, red is normal, blue is thrust; oblique is shown by a combination of colors).

Waveform Inversion using wvfgrd96

The focal mechanism was determined using broadband seismic waveforms. The location of the event and the and stations used for the waveform inversion are shown in the next figure.
Location of broadband stations used for waveform inversion

The program wvfgrd96 was used with good traces observed at short distance to determine the focal mechanism, depth and seismic moment. This technique requires a high quality signal and well determined velocity model for the Green functions. To the extent that these are the quality data, this type of mechanism should be preferred over the radiation pattern technique which requires the separate step of defining the pressure and tension quadrants and the correct strike.

The observed and predicted traces are filtered using the following gsac commands:

cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +40
rtr
taper w 0.1
hp c 0.03 n 3 
lp c 0.10 n 3 
The results of this grid search from 0.5 to 19 km depth are as follow:

           DEPTH  STK   DIP  RAKE   MW    FIT
WVFGRD96    1.0   155    80   -15   3.83 0.4055
WVFGRD96    2.0   155    70   -15   3.98 0.5049
WVFGRD96    3.0   335    90     5   4.02 0.5464
WVFGRD96    4.0   155    85    -5   4.07 0.5608
WVFGRD96    5.0   335    90     5   4.10 0.5563
WVFGRD96    6.0   335    90     5   4.13 0.5425
WVFGRD96    7.0   155    85    -5   4.16 0.5272
WVFGRD96    8.0   335    90    10   4.19 0.5109
WVFGRD96    9.0   335    85    10   4.21 0.4919
WVFGRD96   10.0   335    80     5   4.23 0.4760
WVFGRD96   11.0   335    80     5   4.24 0.4615
WVFGRD96   12.0   335    80     5   4.25 0.4474
WVFGRD96   13.0   335    80     5   4.27 0.4344
WVFGRD96   14.0   335    80     5   4.28 0.4212
WVFGRD96   15.0   335    80    10   4.28 0.4103
WVFGRD96   16.0   335    80    10   4.29 0.3994
WVFGRD96   17.0   340    75    10   4.31 0.3901
WVFGRD96   18.0   340    75    15   4.31 0.3819
WVFGRD96   19.0   340    75    15   4.32 0.3735
WVFGRD96   20.0   340    75    15   4.33 0.3669
WVFGRD96   21.0   340    75    15   4.34 0.3611
WVFGRD96   22.0   340    75    15   4.35 0.3552
WVFGRD96   23.0   340    75    15   4.35 0.3513
WVFGRD96   24.0   340    75    15   4.36 0.3482
WVFGRD96   25.0   340    75    15   4.37 0.3459
WVFGRD96   26.0   340    75    15   4.37 0.3457
WVFGRD96   27.0   340    70    10   4.39 0.3457
WVFGRD96   28.0   340    70    10   4.39 0.3454
WVFGRD96   29.0   340    70    10   4.40 0.3459

The best solution is

WVFGRD96    4.0   155    85    -5   4.07 0.5608

The mechanism correspond to the best fit is
Figure 1. Waveform inversion focal mechanism

The best fit as a function of depth is given in the following figure:

Figure 2. Depth sensitivity for waveform mechanism

The comparison of the observed and predicted waveforms is given in the next figure. The red traces are the observed and the blue are the predicted. Each observed-predicted component is plotted to the same scale and peak amplitudes are indicated by the numbers to the left of each trace. A pair of numbers is given in black at the right of each predicted traces. The upper number it the time shift required for maximum correlation between the observed and predicted traces. This time shift is required because the synthetics are not computed at exactly the same distance as the observed and because the velocity model used in the predictions may not be perfect. A positive time shift indicates that the prediction is too fast and should be delayed to match the observed trace (shift to the right in this figure). A negative value indicates that the prediction is too slow. The lower number gives the percentage of variance reduction to characterize the individual goodness of fit (100% indicates a perfect fit).

The bandpass filter used in the processing and for the display was

cut o DIST/3.3 -30 o DIST/3.3 +40
rtr
taper w 0.1
hp c 0.03 n 3 
lp c 0.10 n 3 
Figure 3. Waveform comparison for selected depth. Red: observed; Blue - predicted. The time shift with respect to the model prediction is indicated. The percent of fit is also indicated.
Focal mechanism sensitivity at the preferred depth. The red color indicates a very good fit to thewavefroms. Each solution is plotted as a vector at a given value of strike and dip with the angle of the vector representing the rake angle, measured, with respect to the upward vertical (N) in the figure.

A check on the assumed source location is possible by looking at the time shifts between the observed and predicted traces. The time shifts for waveform matching arise for several reasons:

Assuming only a mislocation, the time shifts are fit to a functional form:

 Time_shift = A + B cos Azimuth + C Sin Azimuth

The time shifts for this inversion lead to the next figure:

The derived shift in origin time and epicentral coordinates are given at the bottom of the figure.

Discussion

Acknowledgements

Thanks also to the many seismic network operators whose dedication make this effort possible: University of Nevada Reno, University of Alaska, University of Washington, Oregon State University, University of Utah, Montana Bureas of Mines, UC Berkely, Caltech, UC San Diego, Saint Louis University, University of Memphis, Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, the Iris stations and the Transportable Array of EarthScope.

Velocity Model

The WUS.model used for the waveform synthetic seismograms and for the surface wave eigenfunctions and dispersion is as follows:

MODEL.01
Model after     8 iterations
ISOTROPIC
KGS
FLAT EARTH
1-D
CONSTANT VELOCITY
LINE08
LINE09
LINE10
LINE11
      H(KM)   VP(KM/S)   VS(KM/S) RHO(GM/CC)         QP         QS       ETAP       ETAS      FREFP      FREFS
     1.9000     3.4065     2.0089     2.2150  0.302E-02  0.679E-02   0.00       0.00       1.00       1.00    
     6.1000     5.5445     3.2953     2.6089  0.349E-02  0.784E-02   0.00       0.00       1.00       1.00    
    13.0000     6.2708     3.7396     2.7812  0.212E-02  0.476E-02   0.00       0.00       1.00       1.00    
    19.0000     6.4075     3.7680     2.8223  0.111E-02  0.249E-02   0.00       0.00       1.00       1.00    
     0.0000     7.9000     4.6200     3.2760  0.164E-10  0.370E-10   0.00       0.00       1.00       1.00    

Quality Control

Here we tabulate the reasons for not using certain digital data sets

The following stations did not have a valid response files:

Last Changed Fri Jul 14 10:49:48 CDT 2017